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diff --git a/Documentation/devices.txt b/Documentation/devices.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..89dc3aaac --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/devices.txt @@ -0,0 +1,896 @@ + LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES + + Maintained by H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> + + Last revised: November 18, 1996 + +This list is the successor to Rick Miller's Linux Device List, which +he stopped maintaining when he got busy with other things in 1993. It +is a registry of allocated major device numbers, as well as the +recommended /dev directory nodes for these devices. + +The latest version of this list is included with the Linux kernel +sources in LaTeX and ASCII form. In case of discrepancy, the LaTeX +version is authoritative. + +This document is included by reference into the Linux Filesystem +Standard (FSSTND). The FSSTND is available via FTP from +tsx-11.mit.edu in the directory /pub/linux/docs/linux-standards/fsstnd. + +To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations +where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the +appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional +information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have +made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note. When sending me +mail, please include the word "device" in the subject so your mail +won't accidentally get buried! + +Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga +platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on +the Atari platform only. + +This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however, +that semantically altered versions are not distributed without +permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without +an unreasonable effort. + +In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at +least not without contacting me first. + +I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears +on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without +reply. + + 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts) + 0 = reserved as null device number + + 1 char Memory devices + 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access + 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access + 3 = /dev/null Null device + 4 = /dev/port I/O port access + 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source + 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore + 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write + 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen. + 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen. + block RAM disk + 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk + ... + 7 = /dev/ram7 Eighth RAM disk + 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk + + Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here. + /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded + by the boot loader. + + 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters + 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master + 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master + ... + 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master + + Pseudo-tty's are named as follows: + * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty"; + * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating + the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and + * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating + the position within the series. + + block Floppy disks + 0 = /dev/fd0 First floppy disk autodetect + 1 = /dev/fd1 Second floppy disk autodetect + 2 = /dev/fd2 Third floppy disk autodetect + 3 = /dev/fd3 Fourth floppy disk autodetect + + To specify format, add to the autodetect device number: + 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format + 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1) + 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1) + 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive + 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive + 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive + 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1) + 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1) + 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1) + 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive + 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive + 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1) + + 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density + 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(1) + 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density(2) + 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density + 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1) + 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1) + 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1) + 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1) + 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3) + 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density + 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density + 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density + 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3) + 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1) + 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1) + 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density + 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density + 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1) + + 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete? + + (1) Autodetectable format + (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only + (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only + + NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u) + signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d), + 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5" + (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H + and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since + the drive type is insignificant for these devices. + + 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves + 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave + 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave + ... + 256 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave + + block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface + 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + + For partitions, add to the whole disk device number: + 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk + 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition + 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition + ... + 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition + + For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary + partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions. + Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes + appropriate to their respective architectures. + + 4 char TTY devices + 0 = /dev/console Console device + + 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console + ... + 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console + 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First serial port + ... + 127 = /dev/ttyS63 64th serial port + 128 = /dev/ptyp0 First pseudo-tty master + ... + 191 = /dev/ptysf 64th pseudo-tty master + 192 = /dev/ttyp0 First pseudo-tty slave + ... + 255 = /dev/ttysf 64th pseudo-tty slave + + For compatibility with previous versions of Linux, the + first 64 PTYs are replicated under this device + number. This use will be obsolescent with the release + of Linux 1.4 and may be removed in a future version of + Linux. + + 5 char Alternate TTY devices + 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device + 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device corresponding to ttyS0 + ... + 127 = /dev/cua63 Callout device corresponding to ttyS63 + + 6 char Parallel printer devices + 0 = /dev/lp0 First parallel printer (0x3bc) + 1 = /dev/lp1 Second parallel printer (0x378) + 2 = /dev/lp2 Third parallel printer (0x278) + + Not all computers have the 0x3bc parallel port; hence + the "first" printer may be either /dev/lp0 or + /dev/lp1. + + 7 char Virtual console capture devices + 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents + 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents + ... + 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents + 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents + 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents + ... + 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents + + NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access. + + block Loopback devices + 0 = /dev/loop0 First loopback device + 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loopback device + ... + + The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not + associated with block devices. The binding to the + loopback devices is usually handled by mount(8). + + 8 block SCSI disk devices + 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + + 9 char SCSI tape devices + 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0 + 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0 + ... + 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1 + 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1 + ... + 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2 + 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2 + ... + 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3 + 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3 + ... + 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind + 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind + ... + 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind + 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind + ... + 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind + 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind + ... + 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind + 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind + ... + + "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default + automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL + ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of + the device used to access it. + + block Metadisk (RAID) devices + 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group + 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group + ... + + The metadisk driver is used to span a + filesystem across multiple physical disks. + + 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features + 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse + 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port + 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse + 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse + 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse + 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga) + 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse + 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse + 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse + 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver + 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device + 129 = /dev/modreq Kernel module load request + 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port + 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature + 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap + 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap + 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS + 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock + 136 = /dev/qcam0 QuickCam on lp0 + 137 = /dev/qcam1 QuickCam on lp1 + 138 = /dev/qcam2 QuickCam on lp2 + 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM + + 11 char Raw keyboard device + 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device + + The raw keyboard device is used on Linux/SPARC only. + + block SCSI CD-ROM devices + 0 = /dev/sr0 First SCSI CD-ROM + 1 = /dev/sr1 Second SCSI CD-ROM + ... + + The prefix /dev/scd instead of /dev/sr has been used + as well, and might make more sense. + + 12 char QIC-02 tape + 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close + 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close + 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close + 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close + 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close + 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close + 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close + 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close + + The device names specified are proposed -- if there + are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know. + + block MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support + 0 = /dev/dos_cd0 First MSCDEX CD-ROM + 1 = /dev/dos_cd1 Second MSCDEX CD-ROM + ... + + 13 char PC speaker + 0 = /dev/pcmixer Emulates /dev/mixer + 1 = /dev/pcsp Emulates /dev/dsp (8-bit) + 4 = /dev/pcaudio Emulates /dev/audio + 5 = /dev/pcsp16 Emulates /dev/dsp (16-bit) + block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller + 0 = /dev/xda First XT disk whole disk + 64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks + (see major number 3). + + 14 char Sound card + 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control + 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer + 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port + 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio + 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio + 6 = /dev/sndstat Sound card status information + 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device + 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control + 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager + 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port + 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio + 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio + 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager + 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port + 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port + block BIOS harddrive callback support + 0 = /dev/dos_hda First BIOS harddrive whole disk + 64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS harddrive whole disk + 128 = /dev/dos_hdc Third BIOS harddrive whole disk + 192 = /dev/dos_hdd Fourth BIOS harddrive whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks + (see major number 3). + + 15 char Joystick + 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick + 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick + ... + 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick + 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick + ... + block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM + + 16 char Non-SCSI scanners + 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner + block GoldStar CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM + + 17 char Chase serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port + 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port + ... + block Optics Storage CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM + + 18 char Chase serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device corresponding to ttyH0 + 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device corresponding to ttyH1 + ... + block Sanyo CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM + + 19 char Cyclades serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port + ... + 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port + block "Double" compressed disk + 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk + ... + 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk + 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk + ... + 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk + + See the Double documentation for the meaning of the + mirror devices. + + 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device corresponding to ttyC0 + ... + 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device corresponding to ttyC31 + block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development) + 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM + + 21 char Generic SCSI access + 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device + 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device + ... + + 22 char Digiboard serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port + 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port + ... + block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface + 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first + interface (see major number 3). + + 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device corresponding to ttyD0 + 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device corresponding to ttyD1 + ... + block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM + + 24 char Stallion serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0 + 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0 + ... + 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1 + 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1 + ... + 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2 + 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2 + ... + 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3 + 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3 + ... + block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM + + 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device corresponding to ttyE0 + 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device corresponding to ttyE1 + ... + 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device corresponding to ttyE64 + 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device corresponding to ttyE65 + ... + 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device corresponding to ttyE128 + 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device corresponding to ttyE129 + ... + 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device corresponding to ttyE192 + 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device corresponding to ttyE193 + ... + block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0 + 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1 + 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2 + 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3 + + 26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber + 0 = /dev/wvisfgrab Quanta WinVision frame grabber + block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0 + 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1 + 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2 + 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3 + + 27 char QIC-117 tape + 0 = /dev/rft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close + 1 = /dev/rft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close + 2 = /dev/rft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close + 3 = /dev/rft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close + 4 = /dev/nrft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close + 5 = /dev/nrft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close + 6 = /dev/nrft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close + 7 = /dev/nrft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close + block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0 + 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1 + 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2 + 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3 + + 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming + 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory + 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory + 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory + 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory + char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari) + 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer + 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer + ... + block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0 + 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1 + 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2 + 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3 + block ACSI disk (68k/Atari) + 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15, like SCSI. + + 29 char Universal frame buffer + 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer + 1 = /dev/fb0autodetect + 24 = /dev/fb0user0 + ... + 31 = /dev/fb0user7 + 32 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer + 33 = /dev/fb1autodetect + 56 = /dev/fb1user0 + ... + 63 = /dev/fb1user7 + + The universal frame buffer device is currently only + supported on Linux/68k and Linux/SPARC. The plain + device accesses the frame buffer at current resolution + (Linux/68k calls this device "current", + e.g. /dev/fb0current); the "autodetect" one at bootup + (default) resolution. Minor numbers 2-23 within each + frame buffer assignment are used for specific + device-dependent resolutions. There appears to be no + standard naming for these devices. Finally, 2-31 + within each device are reserved for user-selected + modes, usually entered at boot time. Currently only + Linux/68k uses the mode-specific devices. + + block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM + + 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices + 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access + 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface + 2 = /dev/inet/arp Network access + 2 = /dev/inet/icmp Network access + 2 = /dev/inet/ip Network access + 2 = /dev/inet/udp Network access + 2 = /dev/inet/tcp Network access + + iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link to + /dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to /dev/null. + + block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM + + /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This + driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM. + + 31 char MPU-401 MIDI + 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port + 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port + block ROM/flash memory card + 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw) + ... + 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw) + 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro) + ... + 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro) + 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw) + ... + 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw) + 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro) + ... + 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro) + + The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching + written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM + devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading + only. + + 32 char Specialix serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port + 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port + ... + block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM + + 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device corresponding to ttyX0 + 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device corresponding to ttyX1 + ... + block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface + 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first + interface (see major number 3). + + 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver + 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port + 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port + 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port + 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port + ... + + In a previous version these devices were named + /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so + on. + + block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface + 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first + interface (see major number 3). + + 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver + 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed + 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed + 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed + 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed + 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed + 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed + 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed + 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed + 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed + 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed + 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed + 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed + block Modular RAM disk device + + This device number is provided for older kernels which + did not have the modular RAM disk in the standard + distribution. See major number 1. This assignment + will be removed when the 2.0 kernel is released. + + 36 char Netlink support + 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user + 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control + block MCA ESDI hard disk + 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk + 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk + ... + + Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks + (see major number 3). + + 37 char IDE tape + 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape + 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close + + Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported. + + block Zorro II ramdisk + 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk + + 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board + 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board + 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board + ... + + This device is used for status query, board control + and "user level packet I/O." This board is also + accessible as a standard networking "eth" device. + + block Reserved for Linux/AP+ + + 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board + 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel + 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel + ... + 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel + 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines + 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer + 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer + 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer + 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel + 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel + ... + 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel + 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines + 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer + 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer + 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer + ... + block Reserved for Linux/AP+ + + 40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber + 0 = /dev/mmetfgrab Matrox Meteor frame grabber + block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive + 0 = /dev/eza Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks + (see major number 3). + + 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor + 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor + block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM + 0 = /dev/bpcd BackPack CD-ROM + + 42 Demo/sample use + + This number is intended for use in sample code, as + well as a general "example" device number. It + should never be used for a device driver that is being + distributed; either obtain an official number or use + the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or + removal of a driver with this number should not cause + ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.) + + 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem + 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem + ... + 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem + + 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device corresponding to ttyI0 + ... + 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device corresponding to ttyI63 + + 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver + 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data + ... + 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data + 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug + ... + 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug + + 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device + ... + 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device + + 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface + + 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port + 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port + ... + + 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device corresponding to ttyR0 + 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device corresponding to ttyR1 + ... + + 48 char SDL RISCom serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port + 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port + ... + + 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device corresponding to ttyL0 + 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device corresponding to ttyL1 + ... + + 50 char Reserved for GLINT + + 51 char Baycom radio modem + 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem + 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem + ... + + 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card + 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card + 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card + 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card + 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card + + 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers + 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0 + 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1 + 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2 + 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0 + 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1 + 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2 + + This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx + microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a + Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public + Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface + by P&E. + + 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card + 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port + 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port + 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port + + A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL + <mseritan@ottonel.pub.ro> to transfer data from Holter + 24-hour heart monitoring equipment. + + 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor + 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001 + + 56 char Apple Desktop Bus + 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control + + Additional devices will be added to this number, all + starting with /dev/adb. + + 57 char Hayes ESP serial card + 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port + 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port + ... + + 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device corresponding to ttyP0 + 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device corresponding to ttyP1 + ... + + 59 char sf firewall package + 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module + + 60-63 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE + Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not + assigned official numbers, these ranges should be + used, in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments. + + 64-119 UNALLOCATED + +120-127 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE + +128-239 UNALLOCATED + +240-254 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE + +255 RESERVED + + + + + ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES + +This section details additional entries that should or may exist in +the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same +form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are +classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of +link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used. + + + Compulsory links + +These links should exist on all systems: + +/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors +/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor +/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor +/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor +/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2 +/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2 + +Note: the last device is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>. + + Recommended links + +It is recommended that these links exist on all systems: + +/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility +/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility +/dev/ftape rft0 symbolic Backward compatibility +/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name + + + Locally defined links + +The following links may be established locally to conform to the +configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing +practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they +exist, they should have the following uses. + +/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device +/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device +/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device +/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device +/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device +/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device +/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem +/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device + +/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as +well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it +exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate dialout (alternate) +device. + +For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the +``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas +/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic +SCSI devices (/dev/sg*). + +/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse +device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata). + + Sockets and pipes + +Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are: + +/dev/printer socket lpd local socket +/dev/log socket syslog local socket +/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer |