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Few Notes About The PCI Subsystem
or
"What should you avoid when writing PCI drivers"
by Martin Mares <mj@atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz> on 17-Jun-1999
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. How to find PCI devices
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In case your driver wants to search for all devices with given vendor/device
ID, it should use:
struct pci_dev *dev = NULL;
while (dev = pci_find_device(VENDOR_ID, DEVICE_ID, dev))
configure_device(dev);
For class-based search, use pci_find_class(CLASS_ID, dev).
You can use the constant PCI_ANY_ID as a wildcard replacement for
VENDOR_ID or DEVICE_ID. This allows searching for any device from a
specific vendor, for example.
In case you want to do some complex matching, look at pci_devices -- it's
a linked list of pci_dev structures for all PCI devices in the system.
All these methods return a pointer to a pci_dev structure which is used as a
parameter for many other PCI functions. The rest of them accept bus and
device/function numbers which can be found in pci_dev->bus->number and
pci_dev->devfn. Feel free to use all other fields of the pci_dev structure, but
don't modify them.
The pci_present() function can be used to test presence of PCI in the
machine.
2. How to access PCI config space
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can use pci_(read|write)_config_(byte|word|dword) to access the config
space of a device represented by pci_dev. All these functions return 0 when
successful or an error code (PCIBIOS_...) which can be translated to a text
string by pcibios_strerror. Most drivers expect that accesses to valid PCI
devices don't fail.
In case you want to address the devices by bus/device/function numbers,
use pcibios_(read_write)_config_(byte|word|dword).
If you access fields in the standard portion of the config header, please
use symbolic names of locations and bits declared in <linux/pci.h>.
3. Addresses and interrupts
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Memory and port addresses and interrupt numbers should NOT be read from the
config space. You should use the values in the pci_dev structure as they might
have been remapped by the kernel.
4. Obsolete functions
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
<linux/bios32.h> is obsolete and should not be included in new code.
pcibios_find_(device|class) are also obsolete and should be replaced by
pci_find_(device|class).
5. Bus mastering
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If you need to setup a bus-mastering card, just call pci_set_master(). It
should set PCI_COMMAND_MASTER in the command register and adjust the latency
timer if needed.
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