path: root/include/linux/mm.h

#ifndef _LINUX_MM_H
#define _LINUX_MM_H

#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

#ifdef __KERNEL__

#include <linux/string.h>

extern unsigned long max_mapnr;
extern unsigned long num_physpages;
extern void * high_memory;

#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/atomic.h>

/*
 * Linux kernel virtual memory manager primitives.
 * The idea being to have a "virtual" mm in the same way
 * we have a virtual fs - giving a cleaner interface to the
 * mm details, and allowing different kinds of memory mappings
 * (from shared memory to executable loading to arbitrary
 * mmap() functions).
 */

/*
 * This struct defines a memory VMM memory area. There is one of these
 * per VM-area/task.  A VM area is any part of the process virtual memory
 * space that has a special rule for the page-fault handlers (ie a shared
 * library, the executable area etc).
 */
struct vm_area_struct {
	struct mm_struct * vm_mm;	/* VM area parameters */
	unsigned long vm_start;
	unsigned long vm_end;
	pgprot_t vm_page_prot;
	unsigned short vm_flags;
	struct vm_area_struct *vm_next;
	struct vm_area_struct **vm_pprev;

	/* For areas with inode, the list inode->i_mmap, for shm areas,
	 * the list of attaches, otherwise unused.
	 */
	struct vm_area_struct *vm_next_share;
	struct vm_area_struct **vm_pprev_share;

	struct vm_operations_struct * vm_ops;
	unsigned long vm_offset;
	struct inode * vm_inode;
	unsigned long vm_pte;			/* shared mem */
};

/*
 * vm_flags..
 */
#define VM_READ		0x0001	/* currently active flags */
#define VM_WRITE	0x0002
#define VM_EXEC		0x0004
#define VM_SHARED	0x0008

#define VM_MAYREAD	0x0010	/* limits for mprotect() etc */
#define VM_MAYWRITE	0x0020
#define VM_MAYEXEC	0x0040
#define VM_MAYSHARE	0x0080

#define VM_GROWSDOWN	0x0100	/* general info on the segment */
#define VM_GROWSUP	0x0200
#define VM_SHM		0x0400	/* shared memory area, don't swap out */
#define VM_DENYWRITE	0x0800	/* ETXTBSY on write attempts.. */

#define VM_EXECUTABLE	0x1000
#define VM_LOCKED	0x2000
#define VM_IO           0x4000  /* Memory mapped I/O or similar */

#define VM_STACK_FLAGS	0x0177

/*
 * mapping from the currently active vm_flags protection bits (the
 * low four bits) to a page protection mask..
 */
extern pgprot_t protection_map[16];


/*
 * These are the virtual MM functions - opening of an area, closing and
 * unmapping it (needed to keep files on disk up-to-date etc), pointer
 * to the functions called when a no-page or a wp-page exception occurs. 
 */
struct vm_operations_struct {
	void (*open)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
	void (*close)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
	void (*unmap)(struct vm_area_struct *area, unsigned long, size_t);
	void (*protect)(struct vm_area_struct *area, unsigned long, size_t, unsigned int newprot);
	int (*sync)(struct vm_area_struct *area, unsigned long, size_t, unsigned int flags);
	void (*advise)(struct vm_area_struct *area, unsigned long, size_t, unsigned int advise);
	unsigned long (*nopage)(struct vm_area_struct * area, unsigned long address, int write_access);
	unsigned long (*wppage)(struct vm_area_struct * area, unsigned long address,
		unsigned long page);
	int (*swapout)(struct vm_area_struct *,  unsigned long, pte_t *);
	pte_t (*swapin)(struct vm_area_struct *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
};

/*
 * Try to keep the most commonly accessed fields in single cache lines
 * here (16 bytes or greater).  This ordering should be particularly
 * beneficial on 32-bit processors.
 *
 * The first line is data used in page cache lookup, the second line
 * is used for linear searches (eg. clock algorithm scans). 
 */
typedef struct page {
	/* these must be first (free area handling) */
	struct page *next;
	struct page *prev;
	struct inode *inode;
	unsigned long offset;
	struct page *next_hash;
	atomic_t count;
	unsigned flags;	/* atomic flags, some possibly updated asynchronously */
	unsigned dirty:16,
		 age:8;
	struct wait_queue *wait;
	struct page **pprev_hash;
	struct buffer_head * buffers;
	unsigned long swap_unlock_entry;
	unsigned long map_nr;	/* page->map_nr == page - mem_map */
} mem_map_t;

/* Page flag bit values */
#define PG_locked		 0
#define PG_error		 1
#define PG_referenced		 2
#define PG_uptodate		 3
#define PG_free_after		 4
#define PG_decr_after		 5
#define PG_swap_unlock_after	 6
#define PG_DMA			 7
#define PG_Slab			 8
#define PG_reserved		31

/* Make it prettier to test the above... */
#define PageLocked(page)	(test_bit(PG_locked, &(page)->flags))
#define PageError(page)		(test_bit(PG_error, &(page)->flags))
#define PageReferenced(page)	(test_bit(PG_referenced, &(page)->flags))
#define PageDirty(page)		(test_bit(PG_dirty, &(page)->flags))
#define PageUptodate(page)	(test_bit(PG_uptodate, &(page)->flags))
#define PageFreeAfter(page)	(test_bit(PG_free_after, &(page)->flags))
#define PageDecrAfter(page)	(test_bit(PG_decr_after, &(page)->flags))
#define PageSwapUnlockAfter(page) (test_bit(PG_swap_unlock_after, &(page)->flags))
#define PageDMA(page)		(test_bit(PG_DMA, &(page)->flags))
#define PageSlab(page)		(test_bit(PG_Slab, &(page)->flags))
#define PageReserved(page)	(test_bit(PG_reserved, &(page)->flags))

#define PageSetSlab(page)	(set_bit(PG_Slab, &(page)->flags))
#define PageClearSlab(page)	(clear_bit(PG_Slab, &(page)->flags))

/*
 * page->reserved denotes a page which must never be accessed (which
 * may not even be present).
 *
 * page->dma is set for those pages which lie in the range of
 * physical addresses capable of carrying DMA transfers.
 *
 * Multiple processes may "see" the same page. E.g. for untouched
 * mappings of /dev/null, all processes see the same page full of
 * zeroes, and text pages of executables and shared libraries have
 * only one copy in memory, at most, normally.
 *
 * For the non-reserved pages, page->count denotes a reference count.
 *   page->count == 0 means the page is free.
 *   page->count == 1 means the page is used for exactly one purpose
 *   (e.g. a private data page of one process).
 *
 * A page may be used for kmalloc() or anyone else who does a
 * get_free_page(). In this case the page->count is at least 1, and
 * all other fields are unused but should be 0 or NULL. The
 * management of this page is the responsibility of the one who uses
 * it.
 *
 * The other pages (we may call them "process pages") are completely
 * managed by the Linux memory manager: I/O, buffers, swapping etc.
 * The following discussion applies only to them.
 *
 * A page may belong to an inode's memory mapping. In this case,
 * page->inode is the inode, and page->offset is the file offset
 * of the page (not necessarily a multiple of PAGE_SIZE).
 *
 * A page may have buffers allocated to it. In this case,
 * page->buffers is a circular list of these buffer heads. Else,
 * page->buffers == NULL.
 *
 * For pages belonging to inodes, the page->count is the number of
 * attaches, plus 1 if buffers are allocated to the page.
 *
 * All pages belonging to an inode make up a doubly linked list
 * inode->i_pages, using the fields page->next and page->prev. (These
 * fields are also used for freelist management when page->count==0.)
 * There is also a hash table mapping (inode,offset) to the page
 * in memory if present. The lists for this hash table use the fields
 * page->next_hash and page->prev_hash.
 *
 * All process pages can do I/O:
 * - inode pages may need to be read from disk,
 * - inode pages which have been modified and are MAP_SHARED may need
 *   to be written to disk,
 * - private pages which have been modified may need to be swapped out
 *   to swap space and (later) to be read back into memory.
 * During disk I/O, page->locked is true. This bit is set before I/O
 * and reset when I/O completes. page->wait is a wait queue of all
 * tasks waiting for the I/O on this page to complete.
 * page->uptodate tells whether the page's contents is valid.
 * When a read completes, the page becomes uptodate, unless a disk I/O
 * error happened.
 * When a write completes, and page->free_after is true, the page is
 * freed without any further delay.
 *
 * For choosing which pages to swap out, inode pages carry a
 * page->referenced bit, which is set any time the system accesses
 * that page through the (inode,offset) hash table.
 * There is also the page->age counter, which implements a linear
 * decay (why not an exponential decay?), see swapctl.h.
 */

extern mem_map_t * mem_map;

/*
 * This is timing-critical - most of the time in getting a new page
 * goes to clearing the page. If you want a page without the clearing
 * overhead, just use __get_free_page() directly..
 */
#define __get_free_page(priority) __get_free_pages((priority),0,0)
#define __get_dma_pages(priority, order) __get_free_pages((priority),(order),1)
extern unsigned long __get_free_pages(int priority, unsigned long gfporder, int dma);

extern inline unsigned long get_free_page(int priority)
{
	unsigned long page;

	page = __get_free_page(priority);
	if (page)
		clear_page(page);
	return page;
}

/* memory.c & swap.c*/

#define free_page(addr) free_pages((addr),0)
extern void free_pages(unsigned long addr, unsigned long order);
extern void __free_page(struct page *);

extern void show_free_areas(void);
extern unsigned long put_dirty_page(struct task_struct * tsk,unsigned long page,
	unsigned long address);

extern void free_page_tables(struct mm_struct * mm);
extern void clear_page_tables(struct task_struct * tsk);
extern int new_page_tables(struct task_struct * tsk);
extern int copy_page_tables(struct task_struct * to);

extern void zap_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address, unsigned long size);
extern int copy_page_range(struct mm_struct *dst, struct mm_struct *src, struct vm_area_struct *vma);
extern int remap_page_range(unsigned long from, unsigned long to, unsigned long size, pgprot_t prot);
extern int zeromap_page_range(unsigned long from, unsigned long size, pgprot_t prot);

extern void vmtruncate(struct inode * inode, unsigned long offset);
extern void handle_mm_fault(struct task_struct *tsk,struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address, int write_access);

extern unsigned long paging_init(unsigned long start_mem, unsigned long end_mem);
extern void mem_init(unsigned long start_mem, unsigned long end_mem);
extern void show_mem(void);
extern void oom(struct task_struct * tsk);
extern void si_meminfo(struct sysinfo * val);

/* mmap.c */
extern void vma_init(void);
extern unsigned long do_mmap(struct file * file, unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
	unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags, unsigned long off);
extern void merge_segments(struct mm_struct *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
extern void insert_vm_struct(struct mm_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *);
extern void exit_mmap(struct mm_struct *);
extern int do_munmap(unsigned long, size_t);
extern unsigned long get_unmapped_area(unsigned long, unsigned long);

/* filemap.c */
extern unsigned long page_unuse(unsigned long);
extern int shrink_mmap(int, int);
extern void truncate_inode_pages(struct inode *, unsigned long);

#define GFP_BUFFER	0x00
#define GFP_ATOMIC	0x01
#define GFP_USER	0x02
#define GFP_KERNEL	0x03
#define GFP_NOBUFFER	0x04
#define GFP_NFS		0x05

/* Flag - indicates that the buffer will be suitable for DMA.  Ignored on some
   platforms, used as appropriate on others */

#define GFP_DMA		0x80

#define GFP_LEVEL_MASK 0xf

/* vma is the first one with  address < vma->vm_end,
 * and even  address < vma->vm_start. Have to extend vma. */
static inline int expand_stack(struct vm_area_struct * vma, unsigned long address)
{
	unsigned long grow;

	address &= PAGE_MASK;
	grow = vma->vm_start - address;
	if (vma->vm_end - address
	    > (unsigned long) current->rlim[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_cur ||
	    (vma->vm_mm->total_vm << PAGE_SHIFT) + grow
	    > (unsigned long) current->rlim[RLIMIT_AS].rlim_cur)
		return -ENOMEM;
	vma->vm_start = address;
	vma->vm_offset -= grow;
	vma->vm_mm->total_vm += grow >> PAGE_SHIFT;
	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
		vma->vm_mm->locked_vm += grow >> PAGE_SHIFT;
	return 0;
}

/* Look up the first VMA which satisfies  addr < vm_end,  NULL if none. */
static inline struct vm_area_struct * find_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long addr)
{
	struct vm_area_struct *vma = NULL;

	if (mm) {
		/* Check the cache first. */
		vma = mm->mmap_cache;
		if(!vma || (vma->vm_end <= addr) || (vma->vm_start > addr)) {
			vma = mm->mmap;
			while(vma && vma->vm_end <= addr)
				vma = vma->vm_next;
			mm->mmap_cache = vma;
		}
	}
	return vma;
}

/* Look up the first VMA which intersects the interval start_addr..end_addr-1,
   NULL if none.  Assume start_addr < end_addr. */
static inline struct vm_area_struct * find_vma_intersection(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
{
	struct vm_area_struct * vma = find_vma(mm,start_addr);

	if (vma && end_addr <= vma->vm_start)
		vma = NULL;
	return vma;
}

#endif /* __KERNEL__ */

#endif