diff options
author | Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> | 1998-08-25 09:12:35 +0000 |
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committer | Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> | 1998-08-25 09:12:35 +0000 |
commit | c7fc24dc4420057f103afe8fc64524ebc25c5d37 (patch) | |
tree | 3682407a599b8f9f03fc096298134cafba1c9b2f /Documentation/devices.txt | |
parent | 1d793fade8b063fde3cf275bf1a5c2d381292cd9 (diff) |
o Merge with Linux 2.1.116.
o New Newport console code.
o New G364 console code.
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/devices.txt')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/devices.txt | 295 |
1 files changed, 230 insertions, 65 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/devices.txt b/Documentation/devices.txt index 2242044f6..d91a44323 100644 --- a/Documentation/devices.txt +++ b/Documentation/devices.txt @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES Maintained by H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> - Last revised: February 17, 1998 + Last revised: August 10, 1998 This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating @@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating the position within the series. - In the future, it is likely that the PTY master - multiplex (/dev/ptmx) device will be used to acquire a - PTY on demand. If so, the actual PTY masters will be - unnamed devices. + These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98 + devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY + master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on + demand. block Floppy disks 0 = /dev/fd0 First floppy disk autodetect @@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave - In the future, Linux may adopt the Unix98 naming - scheme (/dev/pts/0, /dev/pts/1, ...) + These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98 + devices are on major 136 and above. block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) @@ -184,19 +184,16 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First serial port ... 127 = /dev/ttyS63 64th serial port - 128 = /dev/ptyp0 First old pseudo-tty master + 128 = /dev/ptyp0 OBSOLETE ... - 191 = /dev/ptysf 64th old pseudo-tty master - 192 = /dev/ttyp0 First old pseudo-tty slave + 191 = /dev/ptysf OBSOLETE + 192 = /dev/ttyp0 OBSOLETE ... - 255 = /dev/ttysf 64th old pseudo-tty slave + 255 = /dev/ttysf OBSOLETE - For compatibility with previous versions of Linux, the - first 64 PTYs are replicated under this device number. - This use is deprecated with the release of Linux 2.0 - and may be removed in a future version of Linux. To - ensure proper operation, do not mix old and new PTY - devices. + Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major + number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this + is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3. 5 char Alternate TTY devices 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device @@ -240,7 +237,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. associated with block devices. The binding to the loopback devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8). - 8 block SCSI disk devices + 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15) 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk @@ -310,9 +307,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock - 136 = /dev/qcam0 QuickCam on lp0 - 137 = /dev/qcam1 QuickCam on lp1 - 138 = /dev/qcam2 QuickCam on lp2 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card @@ -326,7 +320,8 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs - 152 = /dev/radio Radio card (type?) + 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device + 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager 11 char Raw keyboard device 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device @@ -457,6 +452,14 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. the system and is counter to standard Linux device-naming practice. + block Acorn MFM hard drive interface + 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk + 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk + + This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC. + Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks + (see major number 3). + 22 char Digiboard serial card 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port @@ -576,28 +579,11 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 29 char Universal frame buffer 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer - 1 = /dev/fb0autodetect - 24 = /dev/fb0user0 - ... - 31 = /dev/fb0user7 32 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer - 33 = /dev/fb1autodetect - 56 = /dev/fb1user0 - ... - 63 = /dev/fb1user7 - - The universal frame buffer device is currently only - supported on Linux/68k and Linux/SPARC. The plain - device accesses the frame buffer at current resolution - (Linux/68k calls this device "current", - e.g. /dev/fb0current); the "autodetect" one at bootup - (default) resolution. Minor numbers 2-23 within each - frame buffer assignment are used for specific - device-dependent resolutions. There appears to be no - standard naming for these devices. Finally, 2-31 - within each device are reserved for user-selected - modes, usually entered at boot time. Currently only - Linux/68k uses the mode-specific devices. + ... + 240 = /dev/fb7 Eighth frame buffer + + All additional minor numbers are reserved. block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM @@ -611,8 +597,9 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 2 = /dev/inet/udp Network access 2 = /dev/inet/tcp Network access - iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link to - /dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to /dev/null. + Additionally, iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link + to /dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to + /dev/null. block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM @@ -691,6 +678,8 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed + block Slow memory ramdisk + 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk 36 char Netlink support 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user @@ -918,15 +907,30 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. Additional devices will be added to this number, all starting with /dev/adb. + block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface + 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first + interface (see major number 3). + 57 char Hayes ESP serial card 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port ... + block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface + 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM) + + Partitions are handled the same way as for the first + interface (see major number 3). + 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device corresponding to ttyP0 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device corresponding to ttyP1 ... + block Reserved for logical volume manager 59 char sf firewall package 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module @@ -960,16 +964,49 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes <jth@prosig.demon.co.uk> for information. + block SCSI disk devices (16-31) + 0 = /dev/sdq 16th SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdr 17th SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sds 18th SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card ... + block SCSI disk devices (32-47) + 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 67 char Coda network file system 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda. + block SCSI disk devices (48-63) + 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application @@ -980,9 +1017,31 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card. + block SCSI disk devices (64-79) + 0 = /dev/sdbm 64th SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdbn 65th SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sdbo 66th SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access + block SCSI disk devices (80-95) + 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface @@ -992,6 +1051,17 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface + block SCSI disk devices (96-111) + 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1 @@ -1010,6 +1080,17 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. ... 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63 + block SCSI disk devices (112-127) + 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk + 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk + 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk + ... + 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk + + Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE + disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on + partitions is 15. + 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device corresponding to ttyF0 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device corresponding to ttyF1 @@ -1076,16 +1157,19 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera - 81 char Brooktree Bt848 frame grabbers - 0 = /dev/bttv0 First Bt848 card - 1 = /dev/bttv1 Second Bt848 card + 81 char video4linux + 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device ... - 16 = /dev/bttvc0 Control for first Bt848 card - 17 = /dev/bttvc1 Control for second Bt848 card + 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device + 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device ... - 32 = /dev/bttv-vbi0 VBI data of first Bt848 card - 33 = /dev/bttv-vbi1 VBI data of second Bt848 card + 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device + 192 = /dev/vtx0 Teletext device ... + 223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device + 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt + ... + 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card @@ -1191,16 +1275,91 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi or http://www.llp.fu-berlin.de/. - 99-119 UNALLOCATED + 99 char Raw parallel ports + 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port + 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port + ... + +100 char POTS (analogue telephone) A/B port + 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephone port + 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephone port + ... + +101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board + 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information + 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls + ... + 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls + +102 char Philips SAA5249 Teletext signal decoder + 0 = /dev/tlk0 First Teletext decoder + 1 = /dev/tlk1 Second Teletext decoder + 2 = /dev/tlk2 Third Teletext decoder + 3 = /dev/tlk3 Fourth Teletext decoder + +103 char Arla network file system + 0 = /dev/xfs0 Arla XFS + + Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS. + Any resemblance with the Swedish milk producer is + coincidental. For more information about the project, + write to <arla-drinkers@stacken.kth.se> or subscribe + to the arla announce mailing list by sending a mail to + <arla-announce-request@stacken.kth.se>. + +104 char Flash BIOS support + +105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller + 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port + 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port + ... + +106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices + 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port + 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port + ... + +107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device + 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device + +108 char Device independent PPP interface + 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface + +109 char Reserved for logical volume manager + +110 char miroMEDIA Surround board + 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board + 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board + ... + +111-119 UNALLOCATED 120-127 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE -128-239 UNALLOCATED +128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters + + These devices should not have corresponding device + nodes; instead they should be accessed through the + /dev/ptmx cloning interface. + +136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves + 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY + 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY + + These device nodes are automatically generated with + the proper permissions and modes by mounting the + devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate + mount options (distribution dependent). + +144-239 UNALLOCATED 240-254 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE 255 RESERVED + This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a + larger number space. No device nodes with this major + should ever be created on the filesystem. **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES @@ -1231,9 +1390,10 @@ It is recommended that these links exist on all systems: /dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility /dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility /dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility +/dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility +/dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility /dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name - Locally defined links The following links may be established locally to conform to the @@ -1252,8 +1412,8 @@ exist, they should have the following uses. /dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it -exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate dialout (alternate) -device. +exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device +(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated). For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the ``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas @@ -1299,7 +1459,7 @@ monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console. /dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices -(/dev/fb*) do not exist (including the x86). Do not use /dev/console +(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console for this purpose. The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system @@ -1321,15 +1481,16 @@ letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#, respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC# correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper -case for the "tty" device and lower case for the "cu" device. +case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the +"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#). The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use. The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken -support for serial ports. For programs with proper knowledge of -serial port operation, their use should probably be avoided. +support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be +removed from a future version of Linux. Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should @@ -1370,7 +1531,11 @@ can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities. -The entire namespace /dev/[pt]ty[p-za-o][0-9a-z] should be considered -reserved for the future use of PTYs. Should more than 936 PTYs ever -become a necessity, we will likely adopt a System V-like scheme by -which PTYs use a subdirectory of /dev. +Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for +the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common +device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically +give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts, +for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/# +in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the +namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device +nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem. |