Merge with Linux 2.2.1.

14 files changed, 2850 insertions, 65 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/sound/AD1816 b/Documentation/sound/AD1816
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aaadeaf46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/AD1816
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+Documentation for the AD1816(A) sound driver
+============================================
+
+NOTE: This driver is still EXPERIMENTAL, so don't use it on production
+systems!
+
+
+Installation:
+-------------
+
+To get your AD1816(A) based sound card work, you'll have to enable
+module support ("Enable loadable module support") and support for
+experimental code ("Prompt for development and/or incomplete
+code/drivers") during kernel configuration. Enable "Sound card
+support", "OSS modules support" and "Support for AD1816(A) based cards
+(EXPERIMENTAL)" in the sound configuration menu, too. Be sure, that
+you build "Support for AD1816(A) based cards (EXPERIMENTAL)" as a MODULE,
+otherwise you may run into problems later.
+Now build, install and reboot the new kernel as usual.
+
+Since the AD1816(A) is a P'n'P sound chip you'll usually have to
+configure it using the isapnptools. See isapnptools documentation for
+details on configuring P'n'P cards.
+
+After you have successfully configured the card using isapnp, you may
+load the AD1816 driver using modprobe. A typical modprobe call should
+look like this:
+
+  modprobe ad1816 io=0x530 irq=5 dma=1 dma2=3 ad1816_clockfreq=33000
+
+if your isapnp.conf file looks like this (relevant lines only):
+
+ (INT 0 (IRQ 5 (MODE +E)))
+ (DMA 0 (CHANNEL 1))
+ (DMA 1 (CHANNEL 3))
+ (IO 0 (BASE 0x0220))
+ (IO 1 (BASE 0x0388))
+ (IO 2 (BASE 0x0530))
+
+NOTE: Be sure, that you use the address IO 2 (in our example 0x530) when
+loading the module!
+
+If your setup was correct, you should see the following messages in  
+/var/log/messages (numbers may be different):
+
+Nov  6 17:07:26 tek01 kernel: ad1816_detect(530)
+Nov  6 17:07:26 tek01 kernel: ad1816_detect() - Detected OK
+Nov  6 17:07:26 tek01 kernel: AD1816 Version: 3
+
+
+Features:
+---------
+
+List of features supported by this driver:
+- full-duplex support
+- supported audio formats: unsigned 8bit, signed 16bit little endian, 
+                           signed 16bit big endian, µ-law, A-law
+- supported channels: mono and stereo
+- supported recording sources: Master, CD, Line, Line1, Line2, Mic
+- supports phat 3d stereo circuit (Line 3)
+
+
+Supported cards:
+----------------
+
+The following cards are known to work with this driver:
+- Terratec Base 1 
+- Terratec Base 64 
+- HP Kayak 
+- Acer FX-3D
+- SY-1816 
+- Highscreen Sound-Boostar 32 Wave 3D
+- ...
+
+
+Troubleshooting:
+----------------
+
+First of all you should check, if the driver has been loaded
+properly. If you get the following message in your /var/log/messages:
+
+Nov  6 17:06:31 tek01 kernel: ad1816_detect(530)
+Nov  6 17:06:31 tek01 kernel: Chip is not an AD1816 or chip is not active 
+
+you either used the wrong address for loading the driver, your chip is
+not an AD1816 or you forgot to initialize the card with isapnp.
+
+If loading of the driver succeeds, but playback/capture fails, check
+if you used the correct values for irq, dma and dma2 when loading the module.
+If one of them is wrong you usually get the following error message:
+
+Nov  6 17:06:13 tek01 kernel: Sound: DMA (output) timed out - IRQ/DRQ config error?
+
+If playback/capture is too fast or to slow, you should have a look at
+the clock chip of your sound card. The AD1816 was designed for a 33MHz
+oscillator, however most sound card manufacturer use slightly
+different oscillators as they are cheaper than 33MHz oscillators. If
+you have such a card you have to adjust the ad1816_clockfreq parameter
+above. For example: For a card using a 32.875MHz oscillator use
+ad1816_clockfreq=32875 instead of ad1816_clockfreq=33000.
+
+
+Updates, bugfixes and bugreports:
+--------------------------------
+
+As the driver is still experimental and under development, you should
+watch out for updates.  Updates of the driver are available on the
+internet from one of my home pages:
+  http://www.student.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/~tek/projects/linux.html
+or:
+  http://www.tu-darmstadt.de/~tek01/projects/linux.html
+
+Bugreports, bugfixes and related questions should be sent via E-Mail to:
+  tek@rbg.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de
+
+
+Thorsten Knabe <tek@rbg.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de>
+          Last modified: 1998/11/06
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/AWE32 b/Documentation/sound/AWE32
index 25e04e209..a98ebe19f 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/AWE32
+++ b/Documentation/sound/AWE32
@@ -6,21 +6,20 @@ SB32.
 1) Make sure you have an ORIGINAL Creative SB32, AWE32 or AWE64 card. This is 
 important, because the driver works only with real Creative cards.
 
-2) If your card is NOT "Plug-n-Play" (I myself don't know Creative AWE non 
-plug'n'play cards however) then go to 5th step now. In the other case
+2) If your card is NOT "Plug-n-Play" then go to 5th step now. In the other case
 proceed to step 3.
 
 3) You should obtain isapnptools. I looked through other PnP packages 
 for Linux, but all they are either in deep unstable beta/alpha releases or 
 they are much worse than isapnptools. In my case isapnptools were included in 
-a Linux distribution (Red Hat 5.0). If you also already have them then go to 
+a Linux distribution (Red Hat 5.x). If you also already have them then go to 
 step 4.
 
-The latest copy of isapnptools-1.15 is available from 
-ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/unix/linux/utils/ (I tested isapnptools-1.15.tgz)
+The latest copy of isapnptools-1.17 is available from 
+ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/hardware/isapnptools-1.17.tgz
 You should gunzip/untar it to something like /usr/local/ 
-(cp isapnptools-1.15.tgz /usr/local/; cd /usr/local/;
-tar -xzf isapnptools-1.15.tgz). 
+(cp isapnptools-1.17.tgz /usr/local/; cd /usr/local/;
+tar -xzf isapnptools-1.17.tgz). 
 
 Compile the package (make) and install it (make install).
 If something goes wrong check the INSTALL file in isapnptools-1.15 directory.
@@ -59,26 +58,13 @@ Gameport and StereoEnhance are not required to be inited.
 Now you can execute "isapnp /etc/isapnp.conf". No errors should be reported.
 If you correctly installed isapnptools, then isapnp will run every boot time.
 
-5) Now you should recompile the kernel. I recommend using development kernels,
-because the AWE32 driver is included in them.  ATTENTION!  In kernels 2.1.102, 
-2.1.103, 2.1.104-pre1 and 2.1.104 (not the others) the lowlevel sound driver
-is not working. You should use the patch available at 
-http://members.xoom.com/yar/history.html. If you are using stable kernel
-releases 2.0.x, then get the latest version (3.8s9) of 
-OSS/Free at ftp://ftp.4front-tech.com/ossfree/ossfree38s9-linux20x.tar.gz
-and gunzip/untar it in /usr/src/ (assuming you keep your kernel source in
-/usr/src/linux).  Then go to /usr/src/linux/ and view the README file. That
-file contains info about kernel compilation and installation.
+5) Now you should recompile the kernel.
 
 In "make (x,menu)config" select in "Sound":
 "Sound card support", "100% Sound Blaster compatibles (SB16/32/64, ESS, Jazz16) support",
 "Generic OPL2/OPL3 FM synthesizer support" and "FM synthesizer (YM3812/OPL-3) 
 support" as <M> (module).
 
-If you use kernel version 2.0.x or version 2.1.y (y <= 2.1.104) skip substep a,
-on 2.1.105 or later go through it.
-
-substep a:
 In "make (x,menu)config" select in "Sound":
 select "OSS sound modules" as <M> (module)
 
@@ -86,23 +72,23 @@ In "Additional low level sound drivers":
 "Additional low level sound drivers", "AWE32 synth" as <M> (module).
 Select "Additional low level sound drivers" as [y] (or [*] (yes)) (If it is not
 available as [y], select it as <M> (module))
-Now recompile the kernel (make dep; make (b)zImage; make modules; 
-make modules_install), update your boot loader and boot new kernel.
 
-6) Now download awesfx program from
-http://bahamut.mm.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~iwai/awedrv/index.html#Latest. Compile it.
-Copy sfxload program to /bin (or /sbin if you wish). To enable AWE midi 
+Now recompile the kernel (make dep; make (b)zImage, b(z)lilo, etc...;
+make modules; make modules_install), update your boot loader (if required) and
+boot new kernel.
+
+6) If awesfx program is not included in your distribution, then download it 
+from http://bahamut.mm.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~iwai/awedrv/index.html#Latest.
+Compile it. Copy sfxload program to /usr/bin. To enable AWE general midi
 synthesis you should also get the sound bank file for general midi from
-http://members.xoom.com/yar/synthgm.sbk.gz. Copy it to
-/usr and gunzip it there.
+http://members.xoom.com/yar/synthgm.sbk.gz. Copy it to /usr and gunzip it there.
 
-7) Edit /etc/rc.d/rc.local, inserting at the end of the file:
+7) Edit /etc/conf.modules, inserting at the end of the file:
 
-modprobe sound
-insmod uart401
-insmod sb io=0x220 irq=5 dma=1 dma16=5 mpu_io=0x330
-insmod awe_wave
-sfxload /usr/synthfm.sbk
+alias sound sb
+alias midi awe_wave
+post-install awe_wave /usr/bin/sfxload /usr/synthfm.sbk
+options sb io=0x220 irq=5 dma=1 dma16=5 mpu_io=0x330
 
 (on io=0xaaa irq=b.... you should use your own settings)
 That will enable the Sound Blaster and AWE wave synthesis.
@@ -110,13 +96,16 @@ That will enable the Sound Blaster and AWE wave synthesis.
 To play midi files you should get one of these programs:
 
 Playmidi 2.4 or higher: http://playmidi.openprojects.net
-Drvmidi 4.2.b: http://bahamut.mm.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~iwai/awedrv/index.html#Latest
+Drvmidi: http://bahamut.mm.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~iwai/awedrv/index.html#Latest
 
 (These are available at all major Linux FTP sites and may already be
  in your distribution)
+Remember to use -a switch if you have playmidi as a compiled binary (ex. RPM)
 
 If something goes wrong please e-mail me. All comments and suggestions are
 welcome.
 
 			    Yaroslav Rosomakho (alons55@dialup.ptt.ru)
-				    http://members.xoom.com/yar
+				    http://www.yar.opennet.ru
+
+Last Updated: 3Jan99
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/AudioExcelDSP16 b/Documentation/sound/AudioExcelDSP16
index df9fc86a7..9915b8713 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/AudioExcelDSP16
+++ b/Documentation/sound/AudioExcelDSP16
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Where the aedsp16 options are the options for this driver while opl3 and
 ad1848 are the corresponding options for the MSS and OPL3 modules.
 
 Loading MSS and OPL3 needs to pre load the aedsp16 module to set up correctly
-the sound card. Installation dependancies must be written in the conf.modules
+the sound card. Installation dependencies must be written in the conf.modules
 file:
 
 pre-install ad1848 modprobe aedsp16
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.awe b/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.awe
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad6fad061
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.awe
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+ver.0.4.3p4
+	- Bug fix for invalid memory detection when initialized twice
+	- Add sample sharing function - works together with awesfx-0.4.3p3
+	- Add AWE_PROBE_DATA for probing sample id
+
+ver.0.4.3p3
+	- Replace memset to MEMSET (for FreeBSD)
+	- Add PAN_EXCHANGE switch
+
+ver.0.4.3p2
+	- MIDI emulation device is added
+	- Controls volume and filter targets
+	- Include chorus/reverb/equalizer values in MISC_MODE
+
+ver.0.4.3p1
+	- Change the volume calculation method
+	- Support for Tom Lees' PnP driver (v0.3)
+
+ver.0.4.2d
+	- Support for OSS/Free 3.8 on 2.0 kernels.
+	- Support for Linux PnP driver
+	- Support for module (for recent 2.1 kernels and RH5.0)
+	- Support for FreeBSD-3.0 system
+
+ver.0.4.2c
+	- Add a mode to enable drum channel toggle via bank number
+	  change.
+
+ver.0.4.2b
+	- Clear voice position after note on
+	- Change nrvoices according to the current playing mode
+
+ver.0.4.2a
+	- Fix a bug in pitch calculation with scale parameter
+	- Change default chorus & reverb modes
+
+ver.0.4.2
+	- Use indirect voice allocation mode; used as default mode
+	- Add preset mapping
+	- Free buffers when resetting samples
+	- Set default preset/bank/drumset as variable
+	- Fix a bug in exclusive note-off
+	- Add channel reset control macro
+	- Change modwheel sensitivity as variable
+	- Add lock option in open_patch
+	- Add channel priority mode macro, and disable it as default
+	- Add unset effect macro
+	- Add user defined chorus/reverb modes
+	- Do not initialize effect parameters when allocating voices
+	- Accept realtime filter-Q parameter change
+	- Check value range of set/add effects
+	- Change drum flags automatically when receiving bank #128
+
+ver.0.4.1	development versions
+
+ver.0.4.0c
+	- Fix kernel oops when setting AWE_FX_ATTEN
+
+ver.0.4.0b
+	- Do not kill_note in start_note when velocity is zero
+
+ver.0.4.0a
+	- Fix a bug in channel pressure effects
+
+ver.0.4.0
+	- Support dynamic buffer allocation
+	- Add functions to open/close/unload a patch
+	- Change from pointer to integer index in voice/sample lists
+	- Support for Linux/Alpha-AXP
+	- Fix for FreeBSD
+	- Add sostenuto control
+	- Add midi channel priority
+	- Fix a bug in all notes off control
+	- Use AWE_DEFAULT_MEMSIZE always if defined
+	- Fix a bug in awe_reset causes seg fault when no DRAM onboard
+	- Use awe_mem_start variable instead of constant
+
+ver.0.3.3c
+	- Fix IOCTL_TO_USER for OSS-3.8 (on Linux-2.1.25)
+	- Fix i/o macros for mixer controls
+
+ver.0.3.3b
+	- Fix version number in awe_version.h
+	- Fix a small bug in noteoff/relese all
+
+ver.0.3.3a
+	- Fix all notes/sounds off
+	- Add layer effect control
+	- Add misc mode controls; realtime pan, version number, etc.
+	- Move gus bank control in misc mode control
+	- Modify awe_operations for OSS3.8b5
+	- Fix installation script
+
+ver.0.3.3
+	- Add bass/treble control in Emu8000 chip
+	- Add mixer device
+	- Fix sustain on to value 127
+
+ver.0.3.2
+	- Refuse linux-2.0.0 at installation
+	- Move awe_voice.h to /usr/include/linux
+
+ver.0.3.1b (not released)
+	- Rewrite chorus/reverb mode change functions
+	- Rewrite awe_detect & awe_check_dram routines
+
+ver.0.3.1a
+	- Fix a bug to reset voice counter in awe_reset
+	- Fix voice balance on GUS mode
+	- Make symlink on /usr/include/asm in install script
+
+ver.0.3.1
+	- Remove zero size arrays from awe_voice.h
+	- Fix init_fm routine
+	- Remove all samples except primary samples in REMOVE_LAST_SAMPLES
+
+ver.0.3.0a
+	- Add AWE_NOTEOFF_ALL control
+	- Remove AWE_INIT_ATTEN control
+
+ver.0.3.0
+	- Fix decay time table
+	- Add exclusive sounds mode
+	- Add capability to get current status
+
+ver.0.2.99e
+	- Add #ifdef for all sounds/notes off controls.
+	- Fix bugs on searching the default drumset/preset.
+	- Fix usslite patch to modify the default Config.in.
+
+ver.0.2.99d
+	- Fix bugs of attack/hold parameters
+	- Fix attack & decay time table
+
+ver.0.2.99c
+	- Change volume control messages (main & expression volume)
+	  to accesspt normal MIDI parameters in channel mode.
+	- Use channel mode in SEQ2 controls.
+
+ver.0.2.99b
+	- #ifdef patch manager functions (for OSS-3.7)
+
+ver.0.2.99a
+	- Fix sustain bug
+
+ver.0.2.99 (0.3 beta)
+	- Support multiple instruments
+
+ver.0.2.0c
+	- Add copyright notice
+	- FreeBSD 2.2-ALPHA integration
+
+ver.0.2.0b
+	- Remove buffered reading appended in v0.2.0a
+	- Remove SMAxW register check on writing
+	- Support Linux 2.1.x kernel
+	- Rewrite installation script
+
+ver.0.2.0a
+	- Define SEQUENCER_C for tuning.h for FreeBSD system
+	- Improvement of sample loading speed
+	- Fix installation script
+	- Add PnP driver functions for ISA PnP driver support
+
+ver.0.2.0
+	- Includes FreeBSD port
+	- Can load GUS compatible patches
+	- Change values of hardware control parameters for compatibility
+	  with GUS driver
+	- Accept 8bit or unsigned wave data
+	- Accept no blank loop data
+	- Add sample mode flags in sample_info
+
+ver.0.1.6
+	- Add voice effects control
+	- Fix awe_voice.h for word alignment
+
+ver.0.1.5c
+	- Fix FM(OPL) playback problem
+
+ver.0.1.5b
+	- Fix pitch calculation for fixed midi key
+
+ver.0.1.5a
+	- Fix bugs in removing samples from linked list.
+
+ver.0.1.5
+	- Add checksum verification for sample uploading
+	  (not compatible from older sample_info structure)
+	- Fix sample offset pointers to (actual value - 1)
+	- Add sequencer command to initialize awe32
+
+ver.0.1.4c
+	- Fix card detection and memory check function to avoid system crash
+	  at booting
+
+ver.0.1.4b
+	- Add release sustain mode
+	- Initialize FM each time after loading samples
+
+ver.0.1.4a
+	- Fix AWE card detection code
+	- Correct FM initialize position 
+	- Add non-releasing mode on voice info
+
+ver.0.1.4
+	- Add AWE card and DRAM detection codes
+	- Add FM initialization code
+	- Modify volume control
+	- Remove linear volume mode
+	- Change memory management; not using malloc dynamically
+	- Add remove-samples command
+	- Use internal id implicitly at loading samples
+
+ver.0.1.3
+	- Fix a bug on patch uploading to RAM
+
+ver.0.1.2
+	- Divide to separated packages
+	- Fix disagreed macro conditions
+	- Fix unresolved function bugs
+	- Integrate VoxWare and USS-Lite driver source (awe_voice.c)
+	  and remove awe_card.c
+
+ver.0.1.1
+	- Fix wrong sample numbers in sbktext
+	- Fix txt2sfx bug
+	- Fix pan parameter calculation
+	- Append USS-Lite/Linux2.0 driver
+
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.multisound b/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.multisound
index d1053392d..a354927f7 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.multisound
+++ b/Documentation/sound/ChangeLog.multisound
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+1998-12-04  Andrew T. Veliath  <andrewtv@usa.net>
+
+	* Update version to 0.8.2.2
+
+	* Add msndreset program to shell archive.
+
+1998-11-11  Andrew T. Veliath  <andrewv@usa.net>
+
+	* msnd_pinnacle.c (mixer_ioctl): Add a mixer ioctl for
+	SOUND_MIXER_PRIVATE1 which does a full reset on the card.
+	(mixer_set): Move line in recording source to input monitor, aux
+	input level added, some mixer fixes.
+
 1998-09-10  Andrew Veliath  <andrewtv@usa.net>
 
 	* Update version to 0.8.2
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/ESS1868 b/Documentation/sound/ESS1868
index d508349dc..8fb778925 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/ESS1868
+++ b/Documentation/sound/ESS1868
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ the sound modules with the proper I/O information.  Here is my setup:
 
 # ESS1868F AudioDrive initialization
 
-/sbin/insmod sound
+/sbin/modprobe sound
 /sbin/insmod uart401
 /sbin/insmod sb io=0x220 irq=5 dma=1 dma16=-1
 /sbin/insmod mpu401 io=0x330
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/INSTALL.awe b/Documentation/sound/INSTALL.awe
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bffd115dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/INSTALL.awe
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+================================================================
+	INSTALLATION OF AWE32 SOUND DRIVER FOR LINUX
+	Takashi Iwai	<iwai@ww.uni-erlangen.de>
+================================================================
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+* Attention to SB-PnP Card Users
+
+If you're using PnP cards, the initialization of PnP is required
+before loading this driver.  You have now three options:
+  1. Use isapnptools.
+  2. Install PnP kernel driver patch.
+  3. Initialize PnP on DOS/Windows, then boot linux by loadlin.
+In this document, only the case 1 case is treated.
+For the case 2, please refer to the instruction in PnP driver project.
+The home page of PnP driver project is the following URL:
+	http://www-jcr.lmh.ox.ac.uk/~pnp/
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+* Installation on RedHat 5.0 Sound Driver
+
+Please use install-rh.sh under RedHat5.0 directory.
+DO NOT USE install.sh below.
+See INSTALL.RH for more details.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+* Installation/Update by Shell Script
+
+  1. Become root
+
+	% su
+
+  2. If you have never configured the kernel tree yet, run make config
+    once (to make depencies and symlinks).
+
+	# cd /usr/src/linux
+	# make xconfig
+    
+  3. Run install.sh script
+
+	# sh ./install.sh
+
+  4. Configure your kenrel
+
+	(for Linux 2.[01].x user)
+	# cd /usr/src/linux
+	# make xconfig (or make menuconfig)
+
+	(for Linux 1.2.x user)
+	# cd /usr/src/linux
+	# make config
+
+    Answer YES to both "lowlevel drivers" and "AWE32 wave synth" items 
+    in Sound menu.  ("lowlevel drivers" will appear only in 2.x
+    kernel.)
+
+  5. Make your kernel (and modules), and install them as usual.
+
+	5a. make kernel image
+		# make zImage
+
+	5b. make modules and install them
+		# make modules && make modules_install
+
+	5c. If you're using lilo, copy the kernel image and run lilo.
+	    Otherwise, copy the kernel image to suitable directory or
+	    media for your system.
+
+  6. Reboot the kernel if necessary.
+	- If you updated only the modules, you don't have to reboot
+	  the system.  Just remove the old sound modules here.
+		in 
+		# rmmod sound.o		(linux-2.0 or OSS/Free)
+		# rmmod awe_wave.o	(linux-2.1)
+
+  7. If your AWE card is a PnP and not initialized yet, you'll have to
+    do it by isapnp tools.  Otherwise, skip to 8.
+
+	This section described only a brief explanation.  For more
+	detaills, please see AWE64-Mini-HOWTO or isapnp tools FAQ.
+
+	7a. If you have no isapnp.conf file, generate it by pnpdump.
+	    Otherwise, skip to 7d.
+		# pnpdump > /etc/isapnp.conf
+
+	7b. Edit isapnp.conf file.  Comment out the appropriate
+	    lines containing desirable I/O ports, DMA and IRQs.
+	    Don't forget to enable (ACT Y) line.
+
+	7c. Add two i/o ports (0xA20 and 0xE20) in WaveTable part.
+	    ex)
+		(CONFIGURE CTL0048/58128 (LD 2
+		#     ANSI string -->WaveTable<--
+		  (IO 0 (BASE 0x0620))
+		  (IO 1 (BASE 0x0A20))
+		  (IO 2 (BASE 0x0E20))
+		  (ACT Y)
+		))
+
+	7d. Load the config file.
+	    CAUTION: This will reset all PnP cards!
+
+		# isapnp /etc/isapnp.conf
+
+  8. Load the sound module (if you configured it as a module):
+
+	for 2.0 kernel or OSS/Free monolithic module:
+
+		# modprobe sound.o
+
+	for 2.1 kernel:
+
+		# modprobe sound
+		# insmod uart401
+		# insmod sb io=0x220 irq=5 dma=1 dma16=5 mpu_io=0x330
+		(These values depend on your settings.)
+		# insmod awe_wave
+		(Be sure to load awe_wave after sb!)
+
+		See /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound/AWE32 for
+		more details.
+
+  9. (only for obsolete systems) If you don't have /dev/sequencer
+     device file, make it according to Readme.linux file on
+     /usr/src/linux/drivers/sound. (Run a shell script included in
+     that file). <-- This file no longer exists in the recent kernels!
+
+  10. OK, load your own soundfont file, and enjoy MIDI!
+
+	% sfxload synthgm.sbk
+	% drvmidi foo.mid
+
+  11. For more advanced use (eg. dynamic loading, virtual bank and
+      etc.), please read the awedrv FAQ or the instructions in awesfx
+      and awemidi packages.
+
+Good luck!
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/Introduction b/Documentation/sound/Introduction
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..362547df3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/Introduction
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+Soundcore	Notes on Modular Sound Drivers and Soundcore
+Wade Hampton 
+11/20/1998
+
+Purpose:  
+========
+This document provides some general notes on the modular 
+sound drivers and their configuration, along with the 
+support modules sound.o, soundlow.o and soundcore.o.
+
+Note, some of this probably should be added to the Sound-HOWTO!
+
+Copying:
+========
+none
+
+History:
+========
+0.1.0  11/20/1998  First version
+
+
+Modular Sound Drivers:
+======================
+
+Thanks to the GREAT work by Alan Cox (alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk),
+
+[And Oleg Drokin, Thomas Sailer, Andrew Veliath and more than a few 
+ others - not to mention Hannu's original code being designed well
+ enough to cope with that kind of chopping up](Alan)
+
+the standard Linux kernels support a modular sound driver.  From
+Alan's comments in linux/drivers/sound/README.FIRST:
+
+  The modular sound driver patches were funded by Red Hat Software 
+  (www.redhat.com). The sound driver here is thus a modified version of 
+  Hannu's code. Please bear that in mind when considering the appropriate
+  forums for bug reporting.
+
+The modular sound drivers may be loaded via insmod or modprobe.  
+To support all the various sound modules, there are three general 
+support modules that must be loaded first:
+ 
+   soundcore.o:   Top level handler for the sound system, provides
+                  a set of functions for registration of devices
+                  by type.
+
+   soundlow.o:    Low-level sound drivers which are not part of 
+                  OSS/Lite (Open Sound System), including SB32/AWE
+                  synthesizer, etc.
+
+   sound.o:       Common sound functions required by all modules.
+
+For the specific sound modules (e.g., sb.o for the Soundblaster), 
+read the documentation on that module to determine what options
+are available, for example IRQ, address, DMA.
+
+Warning, the options for different cards sometime use different names 
+for the same or a similar feature (dma1= versus dma16=).  As a last 
+resort, inspect the code (search for MODULE_PARM).
+
+
+INSMOD:
+=======
+
+If loading via insmod, the common modules must be loaded in the 
+order below BEFORE loading the other sound modules.  The card-specific
+modules may then be loaded (most require parameters).  For example,
+I use the following via a shell script to load my SoundBlaster:
+
+SB_BASE=0x240
+SB_IRQ=9
+SB_DMA=3
+SB_DMA2=5
+SB_MPU=0x300
+#
+echo Starting sound
+/sbin/insmod soundcore
+/sbin/insmod soundlow
+/sbin/insmod sound  
+#
+echo Starting sound blaster....
+/sbin/insmod uart401
+/sbin/insmod sb io=$SB_BASE irq=$SB_IRQ dma=$SB_DMA dma16=$SB_DMA2 mpu_io=$SB_MP
+
+
+MODPROBE:
+=========
+
+If loading via modprobe, these common files are automatically loaded 
+when requested by modprobe.  For example, my /etc/conf.modules contains:
+
+alias sound sb 
+options sb io=0x240 irq=9 dma=3 dma16=5 mpu_io=0x300
+
+All you need to do to load the module is:
+
+	/sbin/modprobe sb
+
+
+Sound Status:
+=============
+
+The status of sound may be read/checked by:
+	cat /proc/sound
+	cat /dev/sndstat
+        cat (anyfile).au >/dev/audio
+
+The status of the modules and which modules depend on 
+which other modules may be checked by:
+	/sbin/lsmod
+
+/sbin/lsmod should show something like the following:
+	sb                     26280   0 
+	uart401                 5640   0  [sb]
+	sound                  57112   0  [sb uart401]
+	soundlow                 208   0  [sound]
+	soundcore               1968   8  [sb sound]
+
+
+Removing Sound:
+===============
+
+Sound may be removed by using /sbin/rmmod in the reverse order
+in which you load the modules.  Note, if a program has a sound device
+open (e.g., xmixer), that module (and the modules on which it 
+depends) may not be unloaded.
+
+For example, I use the following to remove my Soundblaster (rmmod
+in the reverse order in which I loaded the modules):
+
+/sbin/rmmod sb
+/sbin/rmmod uart401
+/sbin/rmmod sound
+/sbin/rmmod soundlow
+/sbin/rmmod soundcore
+
+
+Multiple Sound Cards:
+=====================
+
+The sound drivers will support multiple sound cards and there
+are some great applications like multitrack that support them.  
+Typically, you need two sound cards of different types.  Note, this
+uses more precious interrupts and DMA channels and sometimes 
+can be a configuration nightmare.  I have heard reports of 3-4
+sound cards (typically I only use 2).
+
+On my machine I have two sound cards (cs4232 and Soundblaster Vibra
+16).  By loading sound as modules, I can control which is the first
+sound device (/dev/dsp, /dev/audio, /dev/mixer) and which is 
+the second.  Normally, the cs4232 (Dell sound on the motherboard) 
+would be the first sound device, but I prefer the Soundblaster.  
+All you have to do is to load the one you want as /dev/dsp 
+first (in my case "sb") and then load the other one
+(in my case "cs4232").
+
+Warning:  I have never been able to get two PnP sound cards of the
+same type to load at the same time.  I have tried this several times
+with the Soundblaster Vibra 16 cards.  OSS has indicated that this
+is a PnP problem....  If anyone has any luck doing this, please 
+send me an E-MAIL.  PCI sound cards should not have this problem.
+
+
+Sound Problems:
+===============
+
+First RTFM (including the troubleshooting section 
+in the Sound-HOWTO). 
+
+1)  If you are having problems loading the modules (for
+    example, if you get device conflict errors) try the
+    following:
+
+  A)  If you have Win95 or NT on the same computer,  
+      write down what addresses, IRQ, and DMA channels
+      those were using for the same hardware.  You probably 
+      can use these addresses, IRQs, and DMA channels.
+  
+  B)  Check (cat) /proc/interrupts, /proc/ioports,
+      and /proc/dma.  Are you trying to use an address,
+      IRQ or DMA port that another device is using?
+  
+  C)  Check (cat) /proc/sys/pnp (if this exists, you 
+      may need a kernel patch to get this device).
+  
+  D)  Inspect your /var/log/messages file.  Often that will 
+      indicate what IRQ or IO port could not be obtained
+  
+  E)  Try another port or IRQ.  Note this may involve 
+      using the PnP tools to move the sound card to 
+      another location.
+
+2)  If you get motorboating (the same sound or part of a 
+    sound clip repeated), you probably have either an IRQ
+    or DMA conflict.  Move the card to another address.  This
+    has happened to me when playing long files when I had 
+    an IRQ conflict.
+
+3)  Ask for help on the sound list or send E-MAIL to the
+    sound driver author/maintainer.
+
+4)  Turn on debug in drivers/sound/sound_config.h (DEB, DDB, MDB).
+
+
+Configuring Sound:
+==================
+
+There are several ways of configuring your sound:
+
+1)  Hardcoded in the kernel at compile time (not applicable when
+    using sound modules).  This was the OLD way!
+
+2)  On the command line when using insmod.
+
+3)  In /etc/conf.modules when using modprobe.
+
+4)  Via RedHat's /usr/sbin/sndconfig program (text based).
+
+5)  Via the OSS soundconf program (with the commercial version
+    of the OSS driver.
+
+And I am sure, several other ways.  
+
+Anyone want to write a linuxconf module for configuring sound?
+
+
+
+For More Information (RTFM):
+============================
+1)  Information on kernel modules:  linux/Documentation/modules.txt
+    and manual pages for insmod and modprobe.
+
+2)  Information on PnP, RTFM manual pages for isapnp.
+
+3)  Sound-HOWTO and Sound-Playing-HOWTO.
+
+4)  OSS's WWW site at http://www.opensound.com.
+
+5)  All the files in linux/Documentation/sound.
+
+6)  The comments and code in linux/drivers/sound.
+
+7)  The sndconfig and rhsound documentation from RedHat.
+
+8)  The Linux-sound mailing list:  sound-list@redhat.com
+
+
+
+Contact Information:
+====================
+Wade Hampton:  (whampton@staffnet.com)
+
+
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/MultiSound b/Documentation/sound/MultiSound
index 20284de9f..e8ae21aaf 100644
--- a/Documentation/sound/MultiSound
+++ b/Documentation/sound/MultiSound
@@ -157,13 +157,13 @@
 #  
 #  * MultiSound Classic/Monterey/Tahiti:
 #  
-#  insmod soundcore
+#  modprobe soundcore
 #  insmod msnd
 #  insmod msnd_classic io=0x290 irq=7 mem=0xd0000
 #  
 #  * MultiSound Pinnacle in PnP mode:
 #  
-#  insmod soundcore
+#  modprobe soundcore
 #  insmod msnd
 #  isapnp mypinnacle.conf
 #  insmod msnd_pinnacle io=0x210 irq=5 mem=0xd8000 <-- match mypinnacle.conf values
@@ -359,8 +359,8 @@
 #  attempting to record at a sampling rate other than the DAT rate may
 #  be problematic (i.e. trying to record at 8000Hz when the DAT signal
 #  is 44100Hz).  If you have a problem with this, set the recording
-#  input to the line in if you need to record at a rate other than
-#  that of the DAT rate.
+#  input to analog if you need to record at a rate other than that of
+#  the DAT rate.
 #
 #
 #  -- Shell archive attached below, just run `sh MultiSound' to extract.
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@
 # To extract the files from this archive, save it to some FILE, remove
 # everything before the `!/bin/sh' line above, then type `sh FILE'.
 #
-# Made on 1998-09-05 08:26 EDT by <andrewtv@ztransform.velsoft.com>.
+# Made on 1998-12-04 10:07 EST by <andrewtv@ztransform.velsoft.com>.
 # Source directory was `/home/andrewtv/programming/pinnacle/pinnacle'.
 #
 # Existing files will *not* be overwritten unless `-c' is specified.
@@ -381,10 +381,11 @@
 # This shar contains:
 # length mode       name
 # ------ ---------- ------------------------------------------
-#   2111 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/setdigital.c
-#  10301 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c
-#     96 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/Makefile
+#   2046 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/setdigital.c
+#  10235 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c
+#    106 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/Makefile
 #    141 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/conv.l
+#   1472 -rw-rw-r-- MultiSound.d/msndreset.c
 #
 save_IFS="${IFS}"
 IFS="${IFS}:"
@@ -431,7 +432,7 @@ else
 fi
 rm -f 1231235999 $$.touch
 #
-if mkdir _sh21233; then
+if mkdir _sh01426; then
   $echo 'x -' 'creating lock directory'
 else
   $echo 'failed to create lock directory'
@@ -467,8 +468,6 @@ X * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 X * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 X * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 X *
-X * $Id: setdigital.c,v 1.1 1998/08/29 03:32:33 andrewtv Exp $
-X *
 X ********************************************************************/
 X
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -528,19 +527,19 @@ X
 X	return 0;
 }
 SHAR_EOF
-  $shar_touch -am 0828233298 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c' &&
+  $shar_touch -am 1204092598 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c' &&
   chmod 0664 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c' ||
   $echo 'restore of' 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c' 'failed'
   if ( md5sum --help 2>&1 | grep 'sage: md5sum \[' ) >/dev/null 2>&1 \
   && ( md5sum --version 2>&1 | grep -v 'textutils 1.12' ) >/dev/null; then
     md5sum -c << SHAR_EOF >/dev/null 2>&1 \
     || $echo 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c:' 'MD5 check failed'
-47720746d4367bae9954787c311c56fd  MultiSound.d/setdigital.c
+e87217fc3e71288102ba41fd81f71ec4  MultiSound.d/setdigital.c
 SHAR_EOF
   else
     shar_count="`LC_ALL= LC_CTYPE= LANG= wc -c < 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c'`"
-    test 2111 -eq "$shar_count" ||
-    $echo 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c:' 'original size' '2111,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
+    test 2046 -eq "$shar_count" ||
+    $echo 'MultiSound.d/setdigital.c:' 'original size' '2046,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
   fi
 fi
 # ============= MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c ==============
@@ -575,8 +574,6 @@ X * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 X * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 X * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 X *
-X * $Id: pinnaclecfg.c,v 1.3 1998/08/29 03:32:32 andrewtv Exp $
-X *
 X ********************************************************************/
 X
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -984,19 +981,19 @@ X
 X	return 0;
 }
 SHAR_EOF
-  $shar_touch -am 0905082598 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c' &&
+  $shar_touch -am 1204092598 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c' &&
   chmod 0664 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c' ||
   $echo 'restore of' 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c' 'failed'
   if ( md5sum --help 2>&1 | grep 'sage: md5sum \[' ) >/dev/null 2>&1 \
   && ( md5sum --version 2>&1 | grep -v 'textutils 1.12' ) >/dev/null; then
     md5sum -c << SHAR_EOF >/dev/null 2>&1 \
     || $echo 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c:' 'MD5 check failed'
-71f99b834a2845daae8ae034623e313e  MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c
+366bdf27f0db767a3c7921d0a6db20fe  MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c
 SHAR_EOF
   else
     shar_count="`LC_ALL= LC_CTYPE= LANG= wc -c < 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c'`"
-    test 10301 -eq "$shar_count" ||
-    $echo 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c:' 'original size' '10301,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
+    test 10235 -eq "$shar_count" ||
+    $echo 'MultiSound.d/pinnaclecfg.c:' 'original size' '10235,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
   fi
 fi
 # ============= MultiSound.d/Makefile ==============
@@ -1007,26 +1004,26 @@ else
   sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'MultiSound.d/Makefile' &&
 CC	= gcc
 CFLAGS	= -O
-PROGS	= setdigital pinnaclecfg conv
+PROGS	= setdigital msndreset pinnaclecfg conv
 X
 all: $(PROGS)
 X
 clean:
 X	rm -f $(PROGS)
 SHAR_EOF
-  $shar_touch -am 0828231798 'MultiSound.d/Makefile' &&
+  $shar_touch -am 1204092398 'MultiSound.d/Makefile' &&
   chmod 0664 'MultiSound.d/Makefile' ||
   $echo 'restore of' 'MultiSound.d/Makefile' 'failed'
   if ( md5sum --help 2>&1 | grep 'sage: md5sum \[' ) >/dev/null 2>&1 \
   && ( md5sum --version 2>&1 | grep -v 'textutils 1.12' ) >/dev/null; then
     md5sum -c << SHAR_EOF >/dev/null 2>&1 \
     || $echo 'MultiSound.d/Makefile:' 'MD5 check failed'
-ab95a049d10611a5e5d559a56965b33f  MultiSound.d/Makefile
+76ca8bb44e3882edcf79c97df6c81845  MultiSound.d/Makefile
 SHAR_EOF
   else
     shar_count="`LC_ALL= LC_CTYPE= LANG= wc -c < 'MultiSound.d/Makefile'`"
-    test 96 -eq "$shar_count" ||
-    $echo 'MultiSound.d/Makefile:' 'original size' '96,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
+    test 106 -eq "$shar_count" ||
+    $echo 'MultiSound.d/Makefile:' 'original size' '106,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
   fi
 fi
 # ============= MultiSound.d/conv.l ==============
@@ -1059,5 +1056,82 @@ SHAR_EOF
     $echo 'MultiSound.d/conv.l:' 'original size' '141,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
   fi
 fi
-rm -fr _sh21233
+# ============= MultiSound.d/msndreset.c ==============
+if test -f 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' && test "$first_param" != -c; then
+  $echo 'x -' SKIPPING 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' '(file already exists)'
+else
+  $echo 'x -' extracting 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' '(text)'
+  sed 's/^X//' << 'SHAR_EOF' > 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' &&
+/*********************************************************************
+X *
+X * msndreset.c - resets the MultiSound card
+X *
+X * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+X *
+X * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+X * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+X * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+X * (at your option) any later version.
+X *
+X * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+X * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+X * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+X * GNU General Public License for more details.
+X *
+X * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+X * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+X * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+X *
+X ********************************************************************/
+X
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/soundcard.h>
+X
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+X	int fd;
+X
+X	if (argc != 2) {
+X		fprintf(stderr, "usage: msndreset <mixer device>\n");
+X		exit(1);
+X	}
+X
+X	if ((fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR)) < 0) {
+X		perror(argv[1]);
+X		exit(1);
+X	}
+X
+X	if (ioctl(fd, SOUND_MIXER_PRIVATE1, 0) < 0) {
+X		fprintf(stderr, "error: msnd ioctl reset failed\n");
+X		perror("ioctl");
+X		close(fd);
+X		exit(1);
+X	}
+X
+X	close(fd);
+X	
+X	return 0;
+}
+SHAR_EOF
+  $shar_touch -am 1204100698 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' &&
+  chmod 0664 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' ||
+  $echo 'restore of' 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c' 'failed'
+  if ( md5sum --help 2>&1 | grep 'sage: md5sum \[' ) >/dev/null 2>&1 \
+  && ( md5sum --version 2>&1 | grep -v 'textutils 1.12' ) >/dev/null; then
+    md5sum -c << SHAR_EOF >/dev/null 2>&1 \
+    || $echo 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c:' 'MD5 check failed'
+c52f876521084e8eb25e12e01dcccb8a  MultiSound.d/msndreset.c
+SHAR_EOF
+  else
+    shar_count="`LC_ALL= LC_CTYPE= LANG= wc -c < 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c'`"
+    test 1472 -eq "$shar_count" ||
+    $echo 'MultiSound.d/msndreset.c:' 'original size' '1472,' 'current size' "$shar_count!"
+  fi
+fi
+rm -fr _sh01426
 exit 0
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/OPL3-SA2 b/Documentation/sound/OPL3-SA2
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb07d6a0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/OPL3-SA2
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+Documentation for the OPL3-SA2, SA3, and SAx driver (opl3sa2.o)
+---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Scott Murray, scottm@interlog.com
+January 5, 1999
+
+NOTE: All trade-marked terms mentioned below are properties of their
+      respective owners.
+
+This driver is for PnP soundcards based on the following Yamaha audio
+controller chipsets:
+
+YMF711 aka OPL3-SA2
+YMF715 aka OPL3-SA3
+YMF719 aka OPL3-SAx (?)
+
+I'm a little fuzzy on what exactly is classified a SAx, as I've seen
+the label used to refer to the whole 7xx family and as a specific
+identifier for the 719 on my no-name soundcard.  To make matters
+worse, there seem to be several revisions of the 715 chipset.
+
+Anyways, all of these chipsets implement the following devices:
+
+OPL3 FM synthesizer
+Soundblaster Pro
+Microsoft/Windows Sound System
+MPU401 MIDI interface
+
+Note that this driver uses the MSS device, and to my knowledge these
+chipsets enforce an either/or situation with the Soundblaster Pro
+device and the MSS device.  Since the MSS device has better
+capabilities, I have implemented the driver to use it.
+
+Being PnP cards, some configuration is required.  There are two ways
+of doing this.  The most common is to use the isapnptools package to
+initialize the card, and use the kernel module form of the sound
+subsystem and sound drivers.  Alternatively, some BIOS's allow manual
+configuration of installed PnP devices in a BIOS menu, which should
+allow using the non-modular sound drivers, i.e. built into the kernel.
+
+I personally use isapnp and modules, and do not have access to a PnP
+BIOS machine to test.  If you have such a beast, try building both the
+MSS driver and this driver into the kernel (appropriately configured,
+of course).  I have received reports of this working, so it should be
+possible for most people with PnP BIOS.  If it does not work for you,
+then email me if you are willing to experiment in an effort to make it
+work.
+
+If you are using isapnp, follow the directions in its documentation to
+produce a configuration file.  Here is the relevant excerpt I use for
+my SAx card from my isapnp.conf:
+
+(CONFIGURE YMH0800/-1 (LD 0
+
+# Instead of (IO 0 (BASE 0x0220)), disable SB:
+(IO 0 (BASE 0x0000))
+(IO 1 (BASE 0x0530))
+(IO 2 (BASE 0x0388))
+(IO 3 (BASE 0x0330))
+(IO 4 (BASE 0x0370))
+(INT 0 (IRQ 7 (MODE +E)))
+(DMA 0 (CHANNEL 0))
+(DMA 1 (CHANNEL 3))
+
+Here, note that:
+
+Port  Acceptable Range  Purpose
+----  ----------------  -------
+IO 0  0x0220 - 0x0280   SB base address, I set to 0 just to be safe.
+IO 1  0x0530 - 0x0F48   MSS base address
+IO 2  0x0388 - 0x03F8   OPL3 base address
+IO 3  0x0300 - 0x0334   MPU base address
+IO 4  0x0100 - 0x0FFE   card's own base address for its control I/O ports
+
+The IRQ and DMA values can be any that considered acceptable for a
+MSS.  Assuming you've got isapnp all happy, then you should be able to
+do something like the following (which matches up with the isapnp
+configuration above):
+
+insmod mpu401
+insmod ad1848
+insmod opl3sa2 io=0x370 mss_io=0x530 mpu_io=0x330 irq=7 dma=0 dma2=3
+insmod opl3 io=0x388
+
+Remember that the opl3sa2 module's io argument is for it's own control
+port, which handles the card's master mixer for volume (on all cards),
+and bass and treble (on SA3 and SAx cards).
+
+If all goes well and you see no error messages, you should be able to
+start using the sound capabilities of your system.  If you get an
+error message while trying to insert the opl3sa2 module, then make
+sure that the values of the various arguments match what you specified
+in your isapnp configuration file, and that there is no conflict with
+another device for an I/O port or interrupt.  Checking the contents of
+/proc/ioports and /proc/interrupts can be useful to see if you're
+butting heads with another device.
+
+If you still cannot get the module to load, look at the contents of
+your system log file, usually /var/log/messages.  If you see the
+message "Unknown Yamaha audio controller version", then you have a
+different chipset than I've encountered so far.  Look for a line in
+the log file that says "opl3sa2.c: chipset version = <some number>".
+If you want me to add support for your card, send me the number from
+this line and any information you have on the make and chipset of your
+sound card, and I should be able to work up a permanent fix.
+
+If you do not see the chipset version message, and none of the other
+messages present in the system log are helpful, email me some details
+and I'll try my best to help.
+
+Lastly, if you're using modules and want to set up automatic module
+loading with kmod, the kernel module loader, here is the section I
+currently use in my conf.modules file:
+
+# Sound
+alias char-major-14 opl3sa2
+pre-install opl3sa2 modprobe "-k" "ad1848"
+post-install opl3sa2 modprobe "-k" "opl3"
+options opl3sa2 io=0x370 mss_io=0x530 mpu_io=0x330 irq=7 dma=0 dma2=3
+options opl3 io=0x388
+
+That's all it currently takes to get an OPL3-SAx card working on my
+system.  Once again, if you have any other problems, email me at the
+address listed above.
+
+Scott
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/README.OSS b/Documentation/sound/README.OSS
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e6eeadfa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/README.OSS
@@ -0,0 +1,1484 @@
+Introduction
+------------
+
+This file is a collection of all the old Readme files distributed with
+OSS/Lite by Hannu Savolainen. Since the new Linux sound driver is founded
+on it I think these information may still be interesting for users that
+have to configure their sound system.
+
+Be warned: Alan Cox is the current maintainer of the Linux sound driver so if
+you have problems with it, please contact him or the current device-specific
+driver maintainer (e.g. for aedsp16 specific problems contact me). If you have
+patches, contributions or suggestions send them to Alan: I'm sure they are
+welcome.
+
+In this document you will find a lot of references about OSS/Lite or ossfree:
+they are gone forever. Keeping this in mind and with a grain of salt this
+document can be still interesting and very helpful.
+
+[ File edited 17.01.1999 - Riccardo Facchetti ]
+
+OSS/Free version 3.8 release notes
+----------------------------------
+
+Please read the SOUND-HOWTO (available from sunsite.unc.edu and other Linux FTP 
+sites). It gives instructions about using sound with Linux. It's bit out of
+date but still very useful. Information about bug fixes and such things
+is available from the web page (see above).
+
+Please check http://www.opensound.com/pguide for more info about programming
+with OSS API.
+
+   ====================================================
+-  THIS VERSION ____REQUIRES____ Linux 2.1.57 OR LATER.
+   ====================================================
+
+Packages "snd-util-3.8.tar.gz" and "snd-data-0.1.tar.Z"
+contain useful utilities to be used with this driver.
+See http://www.opensound.com/ossfree/getting.html for
+download instructions.
+
+If you are looking for the installation instructions, please
+look forward into this document.
+
+Supported sound cards
+---------------------
+
+See below.
+
+Contributors
+------------
+
+This driver contains code by several contributors. In addition several other
+persons have given useful suggestions. The following is a list of major
+contributors. (I could have forgotten some names.)
+
+	Craig Metz	1/2 of the PAS16 Mixer and PCM support
+	Rob Hooft	Volume computation algorithm for the FM synth.
+	Mika Liljeberg	uLaw encoding and decoding routines
+	Jeff Tranter	Linux SOUND HOWTO document
+	Greg Lee	Volume computation algorithm for the GUS and
+			lot's of valuable suggestions.
+	Andy Warner	ISC port
+	Jim Lowe,
+	Amancio Hasty Jr	FreeBSD/NetBSD port
+	Anders Baekgaard 	Bug hunting and valuable suggestions.
+	Joerg Schubert	SB16 DSP support (initial version).
+	Andrew Robinson Improvements to the GUS driver
+	Megens SA	MIDI recording for SB and SB Pro (initial version).
+	Mikael Nordqvist  Linear volume support for GUS and
+			  nonblocking /dev/sequencer.
+	Ian Hartas		SVR4.2 port
+	Markus Aroharju	and
+	Risto Kankkunen		Major contributions to the mixer support
+				of GUS v3.7.
+	Hunyue Yau	Mixer support for SG NX Pro.
+	Marc Hoffman	PSS support (initial version).
+	Rainer Vranken	Initialization for Jazz16 (initial version).
+	Peter Trattler	Initial version of loadable module support for Linux.
+	JRA Gibson	16 bit mode for Jazz16 (initial version)
+	Davor Jadrijevic MAD16 support (initial version)
+	Gregor Hoffleit	Mozart support (initial version)
+	Riccardo Facchetti Audio Excel DSP 16 (aedsp16) support
+	James Hightower Spotting a tiny but important bug in CS423x support.
+	Denis Sablic	OPTi 82C924 spesific enhancements (non PnP mode)
+	Tim MacKenzie	Full duplex support for OPTi 82C930.
+	
+	Please look at lowlevel/README for more contributors.
+
+There are probably many other names missing. If you have sent me some
+patches and your name is not in the above list, please inform me.
+
+Sending your contributions or patches
+-------------------------------------
+
+First of all it's highly recommended to contact me before sending anything
+or before even starting to do any work. Tell me what you suggest to be
+changed or what you have planned to do. Also ensure you are using the
+very latest (development) version of OSS/Free since the change may already be
+implemented there. In general it's major waste of time to try to improve
+several months old version. Information about the latest version can be found
+from http://www.opensound.com/ossfree. In general there is no point in
+sending me patches relative to production kernels.
+
+Sponsors etc.
+-------------
+
+The following companies have greatly helped development of this driver 
+in form of a free copy of their product:
+
+Novell, Inc.		UnixWare personal edition + SDK
+The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. 	A SCO OpenServer + SDK
+Ensoniq Corp,		a SoundScape card and extensive amount of assistance
+MediaTrix Peripherals Inc, a AudioTrix Pro card + SDK
+Acer, Inc.		a pair of AcerMagic S23 cards.
+
+In addition the following companies have provided me sufficient amount
+of technical information at least some of their products (free or $$$):
+
+Advanced Gravis Computer Technology Ltd.
+Media Vision Inc.
+Analog Devices Inc.
+Logitech Inc.
+Aztech Labs Inc.
+Crystal Semiconductor Corporation,
+Integrated Circuit Systems Inc.
+OAK Technology
+OPTi
+Turtle Beach
+miro
+Ad Lib Inc. ($$)
+Music Quest Inc. ($$)
+Creative Labs ($$$)
+
+If you have some problems
+=========================
+
+Read the sound HOWTO (sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/docs/...?).
+Also look at the home page (http://www.opensound.com/ossfree). It may
+contain info about some recent bug fixes.
+
+It's likely that you have some problems when trying to use the sound driver
+first time. Sound cards don't have standard configuration so there are no
+good default configuration to use. Please try to use same I/O, DMA and IRQ
+values for the sound card than with DOS.
+
+If you get an error message when trying to use the driver, please look
+at /var/adm/messages for more verbose error message.
+
+
+In general the easiest way to diagnose problems is to do "cat /dev/sndstat".
+
+If you get an error message, there are some problems with the driver setup:
+
+	- "No such file or directory" tells that the device files for
+	the sound driver are missing. Use the script at the end of
+	linux/drivers/sound/Readme.linux to create them.
+
+	- "No such device" tells that the sound driver is not in the kernel.
+	You have to reconfigure and recompile the kernel to have the sound
+	driver. Compiling the driver doesn't help alone. You have to boot
+	with the newly compiled one before the driver becomes active.
+	The Linux-HOWTO should help in this step.
+
+The following errors are likely with /dev/dsp and /dev/audio.
+
+	- "No such device or address". This error message should not happen
+	with /dev/sndstat but it's possible with the other sound devices.
+	This error indicates that there are no suitable hardware for the
+	device file or the sound driver has been compiled without support for
+	this particular device. For example /dev/audio and /dev/dsp will not
+	work if "digitized voice support" was not enabled during "make config".
+	
+	- "Device or resource busy". Probably the IRQ (or DMA) channel 
+	required by the sound card is in use by some other device/driver.
+
+	- "I/O error". Almost certainly (99%) it's an IRQ or DMA conflict.
+	Look at the kernel messages in /var/adm/notice for more info.
+
+	- "Invalid argument". The application is calling ioctl()
+	with impossible parameters. Check that the application is
+	for sound driver version 2.X or later.
+
+In general the printout of /dev/sndstat should tell what is the problem.
+It's possible that there are bugs in the sound driver but 99% of the problems
+reported to me are caused by somehow incorrect setup during "make config".
+
+Linux installation
+==================
+
+IMPORTANT!	Read this if you are installing a separately
+		distributed version of this driver.
+
+		Check that your kernel version works with this
+		release of the driver (see Readme). Also verify
+		that your current kernel version doesn't have more
+		recent sound driver version than this one. IT'S HIGHLY
+		RECOMMENDED THAT YOU USE THE SOUND DRIVER VERSION THAT
+		IS DISTRIBUTED WITH KERNEL SOURCES.
+
+- When installing separately distributed sound driver you should first
+  read the above notice. Then try to find proper directory where and how
+  to install the driver sources. You should not try to install a separately
+  distributed driver version if you are not able to find the proper way
+  yourself (in this case use the version that is distributed with kernel
+  sources). Remove old version of linux/drivers/sound directory before
+  installing new files.
+
+- To build the device files you need to run the enclosed shell script 
+  (see below). You need to do this only when installing sound driver
+  first time or when upgrading to much recent version than the earlier
+  one.
+
+- Configure and compile Linux as normally (remember to include the
+  sound support during "make config"). Please refer to kernel documentation
+  for instructions about configuring and compiling kernel. File Readme.cards
+  contains card specific instructions for configuring this driver for
+  use with various sound cards.
+
+Boot time configuration (using lilo and insmod) 
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+This information has been removed. Too many users didn't believe
+that it's really not necessary to use this method. Please look at
+Readme of sound driver version 3.0.1 if you still want to use this method.
+
+Problems
+--------
+
+If you have any kind of problems, there is a debugging feature which
+could help you to solve the problem. To use it, just execute the
+command:
+
+	cat /dev/sndstat 
+
+and look at the output. It should display some useful info about the
+driver configuration. If there is no /dev/sndstat 
+(/dev/sndstat: No such file or directory), ensure that you have executed the
+soundinstall script (at the end of this file).
+
+Common error messages:
+
+- /dev/???????: No such file or directory.
+Run the script at the end of this file.
+
+- /dev/???????: No such device.
+You are not running kernel which contains the sound driver. When using
+modularized sound driver this error means that the sound driver is not
+loaded.
+
+- /dev/????: No such device or address.
+Sound driver didn't detect suitable card when initializing. Please look at
+Readme.cards for info about configuring the driver with your card. Also
+check for possible boot (insmod) time error messages in /var/adm/messages.
+
+- Other messages or problems
+Please check http://www.opensound.com/ossfree for more info.
+
+Configuring version 3.8 (for Linux) with some common sound cards
+================================================================
+
+This document describes configuring sound cards with the freeware version of
+Open Sound Systems (OSS/Free). Information about the commercial version
+(OSS/Linux) and its configuration is available from 
+http://www.opensound.com/linux.html. Information presented here is
+not valid for OSS/Linux. 
+
+If you are unsure about how to configure OSS/Free
+you can download the free evaluation version of OSS/Linux from the above
+address. There is a chance that it can autodetect your sound card. In this case
+you can use the information included in soundon.log when configuring OSS/Free.
+
+
+IMPORTANT!	This document covers only cards that were "known" when
+		this driver version was released. Please look at
+		http://www.opensound.com/ossfree for info about
+		cards introduced recently.
+
+		When configuring the sound driver, you should carefully
+		check each sound configuration option (particularly
+		"Support for /dev/dsp and /dev/audio"). The default values
+		offered by these programs are not necessarily valid.
+
+
+THE BIGGEST MISTAKES YOU CAN MAKE
+=================================
+
+1. Assuming that the card is Sound Blaster compatible when it's not.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The number one mistake is to assume that your card is compatible with
+Sound Blaster. Only the cards made by Creative Technology or which have
+one or more chips labeled by Creative are SB compatible. In addition there
+are few sound chipsets which are SB compatible in Linux such as ESS1688 or
+Jazz16. Note that SB compatibility in DOS/Windows does _NOT_ mean anything
+in Linux. 
+
+IF YOU REALLY ARE 150% SURE YOU HAVE A SOUND BLASTER YOU CAN SKIP THE REST OF
+THIS CHAPTER.
+
+For most other "supposed to be SB compatible" cards you have to use other
+than SB drivers (see below).  It is possible to get most sound cards to work
+in SB mode but in general it's a complete waste of time. There are several
+problems which you will encounter by using SB mode with cards that are not
+truly SB compatible:
+
+- The SB emulation is at most SB Pro (DSP version 3.x) which means that 
+you get only 8 bit audio (there is always an another ("native") mode which
+gives the 16 bit capability). The 8 bit only operation is the reason why
+many users claim that sound quality in Linux is much worse than in DOS.
+In addition some applications require 16 bit mode and they produce just
+noise with a 8 bit only device.
+- The card may work only in some cases but refuse to work most of the
+time. The SB compatible mode always requires special initialization which is 
+done by the DOS/Windows drivers. This kind of cards work in Linux after
+you have warm booted it after DOS but they don't work after cold boot
+(power on or reset).
+- You get the famous "DMA timed out" messages. Usually all SB clones have
+software selectable IRQ and DMA settings. If the (power on default) values
+currently used by the card don't match configuration of the driver you will
+get the above error message whenever you try to record or play. There are
+few other reasons to the DMA timeout message but using the SB mode seems
+to be the most common cause.
+
+2. Trying to use a PnP (Plug & Play) card just like an ordinary sound card
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Plug & Play is a protocol defined by Intel and Microsoft. It lets operating
+systems to easily identify and reconfigure I/O ports, IRQs and DMAs of ISA
+cards. The problem with PnP cards is that the standard Linux doesn't currently
+(versions 2.1.x and earlier) don't support PnP. This means that you will have
+to use some special tricks (see later) to get a PnP card alive. Many PnP cards
+work after they have been initialized but this is not always the case.
+
+There are sometimes both PnP and non-PnP versions of the same sound card.
+The non-PnP version is the original model which usually has been discontinued
+more than an year ago. The PnP version has the same name but with "PnP"
+appended to it (sometimes not). This causes major confusion since the non-PnP
+model works with Linux but the PnP one doesn't.
+
+You should carefully check if "Plug & Play" or "PnP" is mentioned in the name
+of the card or in the documentation or package that came with the card. 
+Everything described in the rest of this document is not necessarily valid for
+PnP models of sound cards even you have managed to wake up the card properly.
+Many PnP cards are simply too different from their non-PnP ancestors which are
+covered by this document.
+
+
+Cards that are not (fully) supported by this driver
+===================================================
+
+See http://www.opensound.com/ossfree for information about sound cards 
+to be supported in future. 
+
+
+How to use sound without recompiling kernel and/or sound driver
+===============================================================
+
+There is a commercial sound driver which comes in precompiled form and doesn't
+require recompiling of the kernel. See http://www.4Front-tech.com/oss.html for
+more info.
+
+
+Configuring PnP cards
+=====================
+
+New versions of most sound cards use the so-called ISA PnP protocol for
+soft configuring their I/O, IRQ, DMA and shared memory resources.
+Currently at least cards made by Creative Technology (SB32 and SB32AWE
+PnP), Gravis (GUS PnP and GUS PnP Pro), Ensoniq (Soundscape PnP) and
+Aztech (some Sound Galaxy models) use PnP technology. The CS4232/4236 audio
+chip by Crystal Semiconductor (Intel Atlantis, HP Pavilion and many other
+motherboards) is also based on PnP technology but there is a "native" driver
+available for it (see information about CS4232 later in this document).
+
+PnP sound cards (as well as most other PnP ISA cards) are not supported
+by this version of the driver . Proper
+support for them should be released during 97 once the kernel level
+PnP support is available.
+
+There is a method to get most of the PnP cards to work. The basic method
+is the following:
+
+1) Boot DOS so the card's DOS drivers have a chance to initialize it.
+2) _Cold_ boot to Linux by using "loadlin.exe".  Hitting ctrl-alt-del
+works with older machines but causes a hard reset of all cards on recent
+(Pentium) machines.
+3) If you have the sound driver in Linux configured properly, the card should
+work now. "Proper" means that I/O, IRQ and DMA settings are the same as in
+DOS. The hard part is to find which settings were used. See the documentation of
+your card for more info.
+
+Windows 95 could work as well as DOS but running loadlin may be difficult.
+Probably you should "shut down" your machine to MS-DOS mode before running it.
+
+Some machines have a BIOS utility for setting PnP resources. This is a good
+way to configure some cards. In this case you don't need to boot DOS/Win95
+before starting Linux.
+
+Another way to initialize PnP cards without DOS/Win95 is a Linux based
+PnP isolation tool. When writing this there is a pre alpha test version
+of such a tool available from ftp://ftp.demon.co.uk/pub/unix/linux/utils. The
+file is called isapnptools-*. Please note that this tool is just a temporary
+solution which may be incompatible with future kernel versions having proper
+support for PnP cards. There are bugs in setting DMA channels in earlier
+versions of isapnptools so at least version 1.6 is required with sound cards.
+
+Yet another way to use PnP cards is to use (commercial) OSS/Linux drivers.  See
+http://www.opensound.com/linux.html for more info. This is probably the way you
+should do it if you don't want to spend time recompiling the kernel and 
+required tools.
+
+
+Read this before trying to configure the driver
+===============================================
+
+There are currently many cards that work with this driver. Some of the cards
+have native support while others work since they emulate some other
+card (usually SB, MSS/WSS and/or MPU401). The following cards have native
+support in the driver. Detailed instructions for configuring these cards
+will be given later in this document.
+
+Pro Audio Spectrum 16 (PAS16) and compatibles:
+	Pro Audio Spectrum 16
+	Pro Audio Studio 16
+	Logitech Sound Man 16
+	NOTE! The original Pro Audio Spectrum as well as the PAS+ are not
+	      and will not be supported by the driver.
+
+Media Vision Jazz16 based cards
+	Pro Sonic 16
+	Logitech SoundMan Wave
+	(Other Jazz based cards should work but I don't have any reports
+	about them).
+
+Sound Blasters
+	SB 1.0 to 2.0
+	SB Pro
+	SB 16
+	SB32/64/AWE
+		Configure SB32/64/AWE just like SB16. See lowlevel/README.awe
+		for information about using the wave table synth.
+	        NOTE! AWE63/Gold and 16/32/AWE "PnP" cards need to be activated
+		      using isapnptools before they work with OSS/Free.
+	SB16 compatible cards by other manufacturers than Creative.
+		You have been fooled since there are _no_ SB16 compatible
+		cards on the market (as of May 1997). It's likely that your card
+		is compatible just with SB Pro but there is also a non-SB-
+		compatible 16 bit mode. Usually it's MSS/WSS but it could also
+		be a proprietary one like MV Jazz16 or ESS ES688. OPTi
+		MAD16 chips are very common in so called "SB 16 bit cards"
+		(try with the MAD16 driver).
+
+	======================================================================
+	"Supposed to be SB compatible" cards.
+		Forget the SB compatibility and check for other alternatives
+		first. The only cards that work with the SB driver in
+		Linux have been made by Creative Technology (there is at least
+		one chip on the card with "CREATIVE" printed on it). The
+		only other SB compatible chips are ESS and Jazz16 chips
+		(maybe ALSxxx chips too but they probably don't work).
+		Most other "16 bit SB compatible" cards such as "OPTi/MAD16" or
+		"Crystal" are _NOT_ SB compatible in Linux.
+
+		Practically all sound cards have some kind of SB emulation mode
+		in addition to their native (16 bit) mode. In most cases this
+		(8 bit only) SB compatible mode doesn't work with Linux. If
+		you get it working it may cause problems with games and
+		applications which require 16 bit audio. Some 16 bit only
+		applications don't check if the card actually supports 16 bits.
+		They just dump 16 bit data to a 8 bit card which produces just
+		noise.
+
+		In most cases the 16 bit native mode is supported by Linux.
+		Use the SB mode with "clones" only if you don't find anything
+		better from the rest of this doc.
+	======================================================================
+
+Gravis Ultrasound (GUS)
+	GUS
+	GUS + the 16 bit option
+	GUS MAX
+	GUS ACE (No MIDI port and audio recording)
+	GUS PnP (with RAM)
+
+MPU-401	and compatibles
+	The driver works both with the full (intelligent mode) MPU-401
+	cards (such as MPU IPC-T and MQX-32M) and with the UART only
+	dumb MIDI ports. MPU-401 is currently the most common MIDI
+	interface. Most sound cards are compatible with it. However,
+	don't enable MPU401 mode blindly. Many cards with native support
+	in the driver have their own MPU401 driver. Enabling the standard one
+	will cause a conflict with these cards. So check if your card is
+	in the list of supported cards before enabling MPU401.
+
+Windows Sound System (MSS/WSS)
+	Even when Microsoft has discontinued their own Sound System card 
+	they managed to make it a standard. MSS compatible cards are based on 
+	a codec chip which is easily available from at least two manufacturers
+	(AD1848 by Analog Devices and CS4231/CS4248 by Crystal Semiconductor).
+	Currently most sound cards are based on one of the MSS compatible codec
+	chips. The CS4231 is used in the high quality cards such as GUS MAX,
+	MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro and TB Tropez (GUS MAX is not MSS compatible). 
+
+	Having a AD1848, CS4248 or CS4231 codec chip on the card is a good
+	sign. Even if the card is not MSS compatible, it could be easy to write
+	support for it. Note also that most MSS compatible cards
+	require special boot time initialization which may not be present
+	in the driver. Also, some MSS compatible cards have native support.
+	Enabling the MSS support with these cards is likely to
+	cause a conflict. So check if your card is listed in this file before
+	enabling the MSS support.
+
+Yamaha FM synthesizers (OPL2, OPL3 (not OPL3-SA) and OPL4)
+	Most sound cards have a FM synthesizer chip. The OPL2 is a 2
+	operator chip used in the original AdLib card. Currently it's used
+	only in the cheapest (8 bit mono) cards. The OPL3 is a 4 operator 
+	FM chip which provides better sound quality and/or more available 
+	voices than the OPL2. The OPL4 is a new chip that has an OPL3 and
+	a wave table synthesizer packed onto the same chip. The driver supports
+	just the OPL3 mode directly. Most cards with an OPL4 (like
+	SM Wave and AudioTrix Pro) support the OPL4 mode using MPU401
+	emulation. Writing a native OPL4 support is difficult
+	since Yamaha doesn't give information about their sample ROM chip.
+
+	Enable the generic OPL2/OPL3 FM synthesizer support if your
+	card has a FM chip made by Yamaha. Don't enable it if your card
+	has a software (TRS) based FM emulator.
+
+	----------------------------------------------------------------
+	NOTE! OPL3-SA is different chip than the ordinary OPL3. In addition
+	to the FM synth this chip has also digital audio (WSS) and
+	MIDI (MPU401) capabilities. Support for OPL3-SA is described below.
+	----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Yamaha OPL3-SA1
+
+	Yamaha OPL3-SA1 (YMF701) is an audio controller chip used on some
+	(Intel) motherboards and on cheap sound cards. It should not be
+	confused with the original OPL3 chip (YMF278) which is entirely
+        different chip. OPL3-SA1 has support for MSS, MPU401 and SB Pro
+	(not used in OSS/Free) in addition to the OPL3 FM synth.
+
+	There are also chips called OPL3-SA2, OPL3-SA3, ..., OPL3SA-N. They
+	are PnP chips and will not work with the OPL3-SA1 driver. You should 
+	use the standard MSS, MPU401 and OPL3 options with thses chips and to
+	activate the card using isapnptools.
+
+4Front Technologies SoftOSS
+
+	SoftOSS is a software based wave table emulation which works with
+	any 16 bit stereo sound card. Due to its nature a fast CPU is
+	required (P133 is minimum). Although SoftOSS does _not_ use MMX
+	instructions it has proven out that recent processors (which appear
+	to have MMX) perform significantly better with SoftOSS than earlier
+	ones. For example a P166MMX beats a PPro200. SoftOSS should not be used
+	on 486 or 386 machines.
+
+	The amount of CPU load caused by SoftOSS can be controlled by
+	selecting the CONFIG_SOFTOSS_RATE and CONFIG_SOFTOSS_VOICES
+	parameters properly (they will be prompted by make config). It's
+	recommended to set CONFIG_SOFTOSS_VOICES to 32. If you have a
+	P166MMX or faster (PPro200 is not faster) you can set
+	CONFIG_SOFTOSS_RATE to 44100 (kHz). However with slower systems it
+	recommended to use sampling rates around 22050 or even 16000 kHz.
+	Selecting too high values for these parameters may hang your
+	system when playing MIDI files with hight degree of polyphony
+	(number of concurrently playing notes). It's also possible to
+	decrease CONFIG_SOFTOSS_VOICES. This makes it possible to use
+	higher sampling rates. However using fewer voices decreases
+	playback quality more than decreasing the sampling rate.
+
+	SoftOSS keeps the samples loaded on the system's RAM so much RAM is
+	required. SoftOSS should never be used on machines with less than 16 MB
+	of RAM since this is potentially dangerous (you may accidently run out
+	of memory which probably crashes the machine). 
+
+	SoftOSS implements the wave table API originally designed for GUS. For
+	this reason all applications designed for GUS should work (at least
+	after minor modifications). For example gmod/xgmod and playmidi -g are
+	known to work.
+
+	To work SoftOSS will require GUS compatible
+	patch files to be installed on the system (in /dos/ultrasnd/midi). You
+	can use the public domain MIDIA patchset available from several ftp
+	sites.
+
+        *********************************************************************
+	IMPORTANT NOTICE! The original patch set distributed with the Gravis 
+	Ultrasound card is not in public domain (even though it's available from
+	some FTP sites). You should contact Voice Crystal (www.voicecrystal.com)
+	if you like to use these patches with SoftOSS included in OSS/Free.
+        *********************************************************************
+
+PSS based cards (AD1848 + ADSP-2115 + Echo ESC614 ASIC)
+	Analog Devices and Echo Speech have together defined a sound card
+	architecture based on the above chips. The DSP chip is used
+	for emulation of SB Pro, FM and General MIDI/MT32.
+
+	There are several cards based on this architecture. The most known
+	ones are Orchid SW32 and Cardinal DSP16. 
+
+	The driver supports downloading DSP algorithms to these cards.
+
+	NOTE! You will have to use the "old" config script when configuring
+	PSS cards.
+
+MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
+	The ATP card is built around a CS4231 codec and an OPL4 synthesizer
+	chips. The OPL4 mode is supported by a microcontroller running a
+	General MIDI emulator. There is also a SB 1.5 compatible playback mode.
+
+Ensoniq SoundScape and compatibles
+	Ensoniq has designed a sound card architecture based on the
+	OTTO synthesizer chip used in their professional MIDI synthesizers.
+	Several companies (including Ensoniq, Reveal and Spea) are selling
+	cards based on this architecture.
+
+	NOTE! The SoundScape PnP is not supported by OSS/Free. Ensoniq VIVO and
+	VIVO90 cards are not compatible with Soundscapes so the Soundscape
+        driver will not work with them. You may want to use OSS/Linux with these
+        cards.
+
+OPTi MAD16 and Mozart based cards
+	The Mozart (OAK OTI-601), MAD16 (OPTi 82C928), MAD16 Pro (OPTi 82C929),
+	OPTi 82C924/82C925 (in _non_ PnP mode) and OPTi 82C930 interface
+	chips are used in many different sound cards, including some
+	cards by Reveal miro and Turtle Beach (Tropez). The purpose of these
+	chips is to connect other audio components to the PC bus. The
+	interface chip performs address decoding for the other chips.
+	NOTE! Tropez Plus is not MAD16 but CS4232 based.
+	NOTE! MAD16 PnP cards (82C924, 82C925, 82C931) are not MAD16 compatible
+	in the PnP mode. You will have to use them in MSS mode after having
+	initialized them using isapnptools or DOS. 82C931 probably requires
+	initialization using DOS/Windows (running isapnptools is not enough).
+	It's possible to use 82C931 with OSS/Free by jumpering it to non-PnP
+	mode (provided that the card has a jumper for this). In non-PnP mode
+	82C931 is compatible with 82C930 and should work with the MAD16 driver
+	(without need to use isapnptools or DOS to initialize it). All OPTi
+	chips are supported by OSS/Linux (both in PnP and non-PnP modes).
+
+Audio Excel DSP16 
+	Support for this card was written by Riccardo Faccetti
+	(riccardo@cdc8g5.cdc.polimi.it). The AEDSP16 driver included in
+	the lowlevel/ directory. To use it you should enable the
+	"Additional low level drivers" option.
+
+Crystal CS4232 and CS4236 based cards such as AcerMagic S23, TB Tropez _Plus_ and 
+	many PC motherboards (Compaq, HP, Intel, ...)
+	CS4232 is a PnP multimedia chip which contains a CS3231A codec,
+	SB and MPU401 emulations. There is support for OPL3 too.
+	Unfortunately the MPU401 mode doesn't work (I don't know how to
+	initialize it). CS4236 is an enhanced (compatible) version of CS4232.
+	NOTE! Don't ever try to use isapnptools with CS4232 since this will just
+	freeze your machine (due to chip bugs). If you have problems in getting
+	CS4232 working you could try initializing it with DOS (CS4232C.EXE) and
+	then booting Linux using loadlin. CS4232C.EXE loads a secret firmware
+	patch which is not documented by Crystal.
+
+Turtle Beach Maui and Tropez "classic"
+	This driver version supports sample, patch and program loading commands
+	described in the Maui/Tropez User's manual. 
+	There is now full initialization support too. The audio side of
+	the Tropez is based on the MAD16 chip (see above).
+	NOTE! Tropez Plus is different card than Tropez "classic" and will not
+	work fully in Linux. You can get audio features working by configuring
+	the card as a CS4232 based card (above).
+
+
+Jumpers and software configuration
+==================================
+
+Some of the earliest sound cards were jumper configurable. You have to
+configure the driver use I/O, IRQ and DMA settings
+that match the jumpers. Just few 8 bit cards are fully jumper 
+configurable (SB 1.x/2.x, SB Pro and clones).
+Some cards made by Aztech have an EEPROM which contains the 
+config info. These cards behave much like hardware jumpered cards.
+
+Most cards have jumper for the base I/O address but other parameters
+are software configurable. Sometimes there are few other jumpers too.
+
+Latest cards are fully software configurable or they are PnP ISA
+compatible. There are no jumpers on the board.
+
+The driver handles software configurable cards automatically. Just configure
+the driver to use I/O, IRQ and DMA settings which are known to work.
+You could usually use the same values than with DOS and/or Windows.
+Using different settings is possible but not recommended since it may cause
+some trouble (for example when warm booting from an OS to another or
+when installing new hardware to the machine).
+
+Sound driver sets the soft configurable parameters of the card automatically
+during boot. Usually you don't need to run any extra initialization
+programs when booting Linux but there are some exceptions. See the
+card-specific instructions below for more info.
+
+The drawback of software configuration is that the driver needs to know
+how the card must be initialized. It cannot initialize unknown cards
+even if they are otherwise compatible with some other cards (like SB,
+MPU401 or Windows Sound System).
+
+
+What if your card was not listed above?
+=======================================
+
+The first thing to do is to look at the major IC chips on the card.
+Many of the latest sound cards are based on some standard chips. If you
+are lucky, all of them could be supported by the driver. The most common ones
+are the OPTi MAD16, Mozart, SoundScape (Ensoniq) and the PSS architectures
+listed above. Also look at the end of this file for list of unsupported
+cards and the ones which could be supported later.
+
+The last resort is to send _exact_ name and model information of the card
+to me together with a list of the major IC chips (manufactured, model) to 
+me. I could then try to check if your card looks like something familiar.
+
+There are many more cards in the world than listed above. The first thing to
+do with these cards is to check if they emulate some other card or interface
+such as SB, MSS and/or MPU401. In this case there is a chance to get the
+card to work by booting DOS before starting Linux (boot DOS, hit ctrl-alt-del
+and boot Linux without hard resetting the machine). In this method the
+DOS based driver initializes the hardware to use known I/O, IRQ and DMA
+settings. If sound driver is configured to use the same settings, everything
+should work OK.
+
+
+Configuring sound driver (with Linux)
+=====================================
+
+The sound driver is currently distributed as part of the Linux kernel. The 
+files are in /usr/src/linux/drivers/sound/. 
+
+****************************************************************************
+*	ALWAYS USE THE SOUND DRIVER VERSION WHICH IS DISTRIBUTED WITH	   *
+*	THE KERNEL SOURCE PACKAGE YOU ARE USING. SOME ALPHA AND BETA TEST  *
+*	VERSIONS CAN BE INSTALLED FROM A SEPARATELY DISTRIBUTED PACKAGE	   *
+*	BUT CHECK THAT THE PACKAGE IS NOT MUCH OLDER (OR NEWER) THAN THE   *
+*	KERNEL YOU ARE USING. IT'S POSSIBLE THAT THE KERNEL/DRIVER 	   *
+*	INTERFACE CHANGES BETWEEN KERNEL RELEASES WHICH MAY CAUSE SOME	   *
+*	INCOMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS.					   *
+*									   *
+*	IN CASE YOU INSTALL A SEPARATELY DISTRIBUTED SOUND DRIVER VERSION, *
+*	BE SURE TO REMOVE OR RENAME THE OLD SOUND DRIVER DIRECTORY BEFORE  *
+*	INSTALLING THE NEW ONE. LEAVING OLD FILES TO THE SOUND DRIVER	   *
+*	DIRECTORY _WILL_ CAUSE PROBLEMS WHEN THE DRIVER IS USED OR	   *
+*	COMPILED.							   *
+****************************************************************************
+
+To configure the driver, run "make config" in the kernel source directory
+(/usr/src/linux). Answer "y" or "m" to the question about Sound card support
+(after the questions about mouse, CD-ROM, ftape, etc. support).  Questions
+about options for sound will then be asked.
+
+After configuring the kernel and sound driver, run "make dep" and compile
+the kernel following instructions in the kernel README.
+
+The sound driver configuration dialog
+-------------------------------------
+
+If you already have the sound driver installed, consult a printout of
+"cat /dev/sndstat" when configuring the driver again. It gives the I/O,
+IRQ and DMA settings you used earlier.
+
+Sound configuration starts by making some yes/no questions. Be careful
+when answering to these questions since answering y to a question may
+prevent some later ones from being asked. For example don't answer y to
+the first question (PAS16) if you don't really have a PAS16. Don't enable
+more cards than you really need since they just consume memory. Also
+some drivers (like MPU401) may conflict with your SCSI controller and
+prevent kernel from booting. If you card was in the list of supported
+cards (above), please look at the card specific config instructions
+(later in this file) before starting to configure. Some cards must be
+configured in way which is not obvious.
+
+So here is the beginning of the config dialog. Answer 'y' or 'n' to these
+questions. The default answer is shown so that (y/n) means 'y' by default and
+(n/y) means 'n'. To use the default value, just hit ENTER. But be careful
+since using the default _doesn't_ guarantee anything.
+
+Note also that all questions may not be asked. The configuration program
+may disable some questions depending on the earlier choices. It may also
+select some options automatically as well.
+
+  "ProAudioSpectrum 16 support",
+	- Answer 'y'_ONLY_ if you have a Pro Audio Spectrum _16_,
+	  Pro Audio Studio 16 or Logitech SoundMan 16 (be sure that
+	  you read the above list correctly). Don't answer 'y' if you
+	  have some other card made by Media Vision or Logitech since they
+	  are not PAS16 compatible.
+	  NOTE! Since 3.5-beta10 you need to enable SB support (next question)
+	  if you want to use the SB emulation of PAS16. It's also possible to
+   	  the emulation if you want to use a true SB card together with PAS16
+	  (there is another question about this that is asked later).
+  "Sound Blaster support",
+	- Answer 'y' if you have an original SB card made by Creative Labs
+	  or a full 100% hardware compatible clone (like Thunderboard or
+	  SM Games). If your card was in the list of supported cards (above),
+	  please look at the card specific instructions later in this file
+	  before answering this question. For an unknown card you may answer 
+	  'y' if the card claims to be SB compatible.
+	 Enable this option also with PAS16 (changed since v3.5-beta9).
+
+	 Don't enable SB if you have a MAD16 or Mozart compatible card.
+
+  "Generic OPL2/OPL3 FM synthesizer support",
+	- Answer 'y' if your card has a FM chip made by Yamaha (OPL2/OPL3/OPL4).
+	  Answering 'y' is usually a safe and recommended choice. However some
+	  cards may have software (TSR) FM emulation. Enabling FM support
+	  with these cards may cause trouble. However I don't currently know
+	  such cards.
+  "Gravis Ultrasound support",
+	- Answer 'y' if you have GUS or GUS MAX. Answer 'n' if you don't
+	  have GUS since the GUS driver consumes much memory.
+	  Currently I don't have experiences with the GUS ACE so I don't
+	  know what to answer with it.
+  "MPU-401 support (NOT for SB16)",
+	- Be careful with this question. The MPU401 interface is supported
+	  by almost any sound card today. However some natively supported cards
+	  have their own driver for MPU401. Enabling the MPU401 option with
+	  these cards will cause a conflict. Also enabling MPU401 on a system
+	  that doesn't really have a MPU401 could cause some trouble. If your
+	  card was in the list of supported cards (above), please look at
+	  the card specific instructions later in this file.
+
+	  In MOST cases this MPU401 driver should only be used with "true"
+	  MIDI-only MPU401 professional cards. In most other cases there
+	  is another way to get the MPU401 compatible interface of a
+	  sound card to work.
+	  Support for the MPU401 compatible MIDI port of SB16, ESS1688
+	  and MV Jazz16 cards is included in the SB driver. Use it instead
+	  of this separate MPU401 driver with these cards. As well 
+	  Soundscape, PSS and Maui drivers include their own MPU401
+	  options.
+
+	  It's safe to answer 'y' if you have a true MPU401 MIDI interface
+	  card. 
+  "6850 UART Midi support",
+	- It's safe to answer 'n' to this question in all cases. The 6850
+	  UART interface is so rarely used.
+  "PSS (ECHO-ADI2111) support",
+	- Answer 'y' only if you have Orchid SW32, Cardinal DSP16 or some
+	  other card based on the PSS chipset (AD1848 codec + ADSP-2115
+	  DSP chip + Echo ESC614 ASIC CHIP).
+  "16 bit sampling option of GUS (_NOT_ GUS MAX)",
+	- Answer 'y' if you have installed the 16 bit sampling daughtercard
+	  to your GUS. Answer 'n' if you have GUS MAX. Enabling this option
+	  disables GUS MAX support.
+  "GUS MAX support",
+	- Answer 'y' only if you have a GUS MAX.
+  "Microsoft Sound System support",
+	- Again think carefully before answering 'y' to this question. It's
+	  safe to answer 'y' in case you have the original Windows Sound 
+	  System card made by Microsoft or Aztech SG 16 Pro (or NX16 Pro).
+	  Also you may answer 'y' in case your card was not listed earlier
+	  in this file. For cards having native support in the driver, consult
+	  the card specific instructions later in this file. Some drivers
+	  have their own MSS support and enabling this option will cause a
+	  conflict. 
+	  Note! The MSS driver permits configuring two DMA channels. This is a
+	  "nonstandard" feature and works only with very few cards (if any).
+	  In most cases the second DMA channel should be disabled or set to
+	  the same channel than the first one. Trying to configure two separate
+	  channels with cards that don't support this feature will prevent
+	  audio (at least recording) from working.
+  "Ensoniq Soundscape support",
+	- Answer 'y' if you have a sound card based on the Ensoniq SoundScape
+	  chipset. Such cards are being manufactured at least by Ensoniq,
+	  Spea and Reveal (note that Reveal makes other cards also).  The oldest
+	  cards made by Spea don't work properly with Linux. 
+	  Soundscape PnP as well as Ensoniq VIVO work only with the commercial
+	  OSS/Linux version.
+  "MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro support",
+	- Answer 'y' if you have the AudioTrix Pro.
+  "Support for MAD16 and/or Mozart based cards",
+	- Answer y if your card has a Mozart (OAK OTI-601) or MAD16
+	  (OPTi 82C928, 82C929, 82C924/82C925 or 82C930) audio interface chip. 
+	  These chips are
+	  currently quite common so it's possible that many no-name cards
+	  have one of them. In addition the MAD16 chip is used in some
+	  cards made by known manufacturers such as Turtle Beach (Tropez),
+	  Reveal (some models) and Diamond (some recent models).
+	  Note OPTi 82C924 and 82C925 are MAD16 compatible only in non PnP
+	  mode (jumper selectable on many cards).
+  "Support for TB Maui"
+	- This enables TB Maui specific initialization. Works with TB Maui
+	and TB Tropez (may not work with Tropez Plus).
+
+
+Then the configuration program asks some y/n questions about the higher
+level services. It's recommended to answer 'y' to each of these questions.
+Answer 'n' only if you know you will not need the option.
+
+  "MIDI interface support",
+	- Answering 'n' disables /dev/midi## devices and access to any
+	  MIDI ports using /dev/sequencer and /dev/music. This option
+	  also affects any MPU401 and/or General MIDI compatible devices.
+  "FM synthesizer (YM3812/OPL-3) support",
+	- Answer 'y' here.
+  "/dev/sequencer support",
+	- Answering 'n' disables /dev/sequencer and /dev/music.
+
+Entering the I/O, IRQ and DMA config parameters
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+After the above questions the configuration program prompts for the
+card specific configuration information. Usually just a set of
+I/O address, IRQ and DMA numbers are asked. With some cards the program
+asks for some files to be used during initialization of the card. For example
+many cards have a DSP chip or microprocessor which must be initialized by
+downloading a program (microcode) file to the card.
+
+Instructions for answering these questions are given in the next section.
+
+
+Card specific information
+=========================
+
+This section gives additional instructions about configuring some cards.
+Please refer manual of your card for valid I/O, IRQ and DMA numbers. Using
+the same settings with DOS/Windows and Linux is recommended. Using
+different values could cause some problems when switching between
+different operating systems.
+
+Sound Blasters (the original ones by Creative)
+---------------------------------------------
+
+NOTE! Check if you have a PnP Sound Blaster (cards sold after summer 1995
+      are almost certainly PnP ones). With PnP cards you should use isapnptools
+      to activate them (see above).
+
+It's possible to configure these cards to use different I/O, IRQ and
+DMA settings. Since the possible/default settings have changed between various
+models, you have to consult manual of your card for the proper ones. It's
+a good idea to use the same values than with DOS/Windows. With SB and SB Pro
+it's the only choice. SB16 has software selectable IRQ and DMA channels but
+using different values with DOS and Linux is likely to cause troubles. The
+DOS driver is not able to reset the card properly after warm boot from Linux
+if Linux has used different IRQ or DMA values.
+
+The original (steam) Sound Blaster (versions 1.x and 2.x) use always
+DMA1. There is no way to change it.
+
+The SB16 needs two DMA channels. A 8 bit one (1 or 3) is required for
+8 bit operation and a 16 bit one (5, 6 or 7) for the 16 bit mode. In theory
+it's possible to use just one (8 bit) DMA channel by answering the 8 bit
+one when the configuration program asks for the 16 bit one. This may work
+in some systems but is likely to cause terrible noise on some other systems.
+
+It's possible to use two SB16/32/64 at the same time. To do this you should
+first configure OSS/Free for one card. Then edit local.h manually and define
+SB2_BASE, SB2_IRQ, SB2_DMA and SB2_DMA2 for the second one. You can't get
+the OPL3, MIDI and EMU8000 devices of the second card to work. If you are
+going to use two PnP Sound Blasters, ensure that they are of different model
+and have different PnP IDs. There is no way to get two cards with the same
+card ID and serial number to work. The easiest way to check this is trying 
+if isapnptools can see both cards or just one.
+
+NOTE!	Don't enable the SM Games option (asked by the configuration program)
+	if you are not 101% sure that your card is a Logitech Soundman Games
+	(not a SM Wave or SM16).
+
+SB Clones
+---------
+
+First of all: There are no SB16 clones. There are SB Pro clones with a
+16 bit mode which is not SB16 compatible. The most likely alternative is that
+the 16 bit mode means MSS/WSS.
+
+There are just a few fully 100% hardware SB or SB Pro compatible cards.
+I know just Thunderboard and SM Games. Other cards require some kind of
+hardware initialization before they become SB compatible. Check if your card
+was listed in the beginning of this file. In this case you should follow
+instructions for your card later in this file.
+
+For other not fully SB clones you may try initialization using DOS in
+the following way:
+
+	- Boot DOS so that the card specific driver gets run.
+	- Hit ctrl-alt-del (or use loadlin) to boot Linux. Don't
+	  switch off power or press the reset button.
+	- If you use the same I/O, IRQ and DMA settings in Linux, the
+	  card should work.
+
+If your card is both SB and MSS compatible, I recommend using the MSS mode.
+Most cards of this kind are not able to work in the SB and the MSS mode 
+simultaneously. Using the MSS mode provides 16 bit recording and playback.
+
+ProAudioSpectrum 16 and compatibles
+-----------------------------------
+
+PAS16 has a SB emulation chip which can be used together with the native
+(16 bit) mode of the card. To enable this emulation you should configure 
+the driver to have SB support too (this has been changed since version
+3.5-beta9 of this driver).
+
+With current driver versions it's also possible to use PAS16 together with 
+another SB compatible card. In this case you should configure SB support
+for the other card and to disable the SB emulation of PAS16 (there is a
+separate questions about this).
+
+With PAS16 you can use two audio device files at the same time. /dev/dsp (and
+/dev/audio) is connected to the 8/16 bit native codec and the /dev/dsp1 (and
+/dev/audio1) is connected to the SB emulation (8 bit mono only).
+
+Gravis Ultrasound
+-----------------
+
+There are many different revisions of the Ultrasound card (GUS). The
+earliest ones (pre 3.7) don't have a hardware mixer. With these cards
+the driver uses a software emulation for synth and pcm playbacks. It's
+also possible to switch some of the inputs (line in, mic) off by setting
+mixer volume of the channel level below 10%. For recording you have
+to select the channel as a recording source and to use volume above 10%.
+
+GUS 3.7 has a hardware mixer.
+
+GUS MAX and the 16 bit sampling daughtercard have a CS4231 codec chip which 
+also contains a mixer.
+
+Configuring GUS is simple. Just enable the GUS support and GUS MAX or
+the 16 bit daughtercard if you have them. Note that enabling the daughter
+card disables GUS MAX driver.
+
+NOTE for owners of the 16 bit daughtercard: By default the daughtercard
+uses /dev/dsp (and /dev/audio). Command "ln -sf /dev/dsp1 /dev/dsp"
+selects the daughter card as the default device.
+
+With just the standard GUS enabled the configuration program prompts
+for the I/O, IRQ and DMA numbers for the card. Use the same values than
+with DOS.
+
+With the daughter card option enabled you will be prompted for the I/O,
+IRQ and DMA numbers for the daughter card. You have to use different I/O
+and DMA values than for the standard GUS. The daughter card permits
+simultaneous recording and playback. Use /dev/dsp (the daughtercard) for
+recording and /dev/dsp1 (GUS GF1) for playback.
+
+GUS MAX uses the same I/O address and IRQ settings than the original GUS
+(GUS MAX = GUS + a CS4231 codec). In addition an extra DMA channel may be used.
+Using two DMA channels permits simultaneous playback using two devices
+(dev/dsp0 and /dev/dsp1). The second DMA channel is required for
+full duplex audio.
+To enable the second DMA channels, give a valid DMA channel when the config
+program asks for the GUS MAX DMA (entering -1 disables the second DMA).
+Using 16 bit DMA channels (5,6 or 7) is recommended.
+
+If you have problems in recording with GUS MAX, you could try to use
+just one 8 bit DMA channel. Recording will not work with one DMA
+channel if it's a 16 bit one.
+
+Microphone input of GUS MAX is connected to mixer in little bit nonstandard
+way. There is actually two microphone volume controls. Normal "mic" controls
+only recording level. Mixer control "speaker" is used to control volume of
+microphone signal connected directly to line/speaker out. So just decrease
+volume of "speaker" if you have problems with microphone feedback.
+
+GUS ACE works too but any attempt to record or to use the MIDI port
+will fail.
+
+GUS PnP (with RAM) is partially supported but it needs to be initialized using
+DOS or isapnptools before starting the driver.
+
+MPU401 and Windows Sound System
+-------------------------------
+
+Again. Don't enable these options in case your card is listed
+somewhere else in this file.
+
+Configuring these cards is obvious (or it should be). With MSS
+you should probably enable the OPL3 synth also since
+most MSS compatible cards have it. However check that this is true
+before enabling OPL3.
+
+Sound driver supports more than one MPU401 compatible cards at the same time
+but the config program asks config info for just the first of them.
+Adding the second or third MPU interfaces must be done manually by
+editing sound/local.h (after running the config program). Add defines for
+MPU2_BASE & MPU2_IRQ (and MPU3_BASE & MPU3_IRQ) to the file.
+
+CAUTION!
+
+The default I/O base of Adaptec AHA-1542 SCSI controller is 0x330 which
+is also the default of the MPU401 driver. Don't configure the sound driver to
+use 0x330 as the MPU401 base if you have a AHA1542. The kernel will not boot
+if you make this mistake.
+
+PSS
+---
+
+Even the PSS cards are compatible with SB, MSS and MPU401, you must not
+enable these options when configuring the driver. The configuration
+program handles these options itself. (You may use the SB, MPU and MSS options
+together with PSS if you have another card on the system).
+
+The PSS driver enables MSS and MPU401 modes of the card. SB is not enabled 
+since it doesn't work concurrently with MSS. The driver loads also a
+DSP algorithm which is used to for the general MIDI emulation. The
+algorithm file (.ld) is read by the config program and written to a
+file included when the pss.c is compiled. For this reason the config
+program asks if you want to download the file. Use the genmidi.ld file
+distributed with the DOS/Windows drivers of the card (don't use the mt32.ld).
+With some cards the file is called 'synth.ld'. You must have access to
+the file when configuring the driver. The easiest way is to mount the DOS
+partition containing the file with Linux. 
+
+It's possible to load your own DSP algorithms and run them with the card.
+Look at the directory pss_test of snd-util-3.0.tar.gz for more info.
+
+AudioTrix Pro
+-------------
+
+You have to enable the OPL3 and SB (not SB Pro or SB16) drivers in addition
+to the native AudioTrix driver. Don't enable MSS or MPU drivers.
+
+Configuring ATP is little bit tricky since it uses so many I/O, IRQ and
+DMA numbers. Using the same values than with DOS/Win is a good idea. Don't
+attempt to use the same IRQ or DMA channels twice.
+
+The SB mode of ATP is implemented so the ATP driver just enables SB
+in the proper address. The SB driver handles the rest. You have to configure
+both the SB driver and the SB mode of ATP to use the same IRQ, DMA and I/O
+settings.
+
+Also the ATP has a microcontroller for the General MIDI emulation (OPL4).
+For this reason the driver asks for the name of a file containing the
+microcode (TRXPRO.HEX). This file is usually located in the directory
+where the DOS drivers were installed. You must have access to this file
+when configuring the driver. 
+
+If you have the effects daughtercard, it must be initialized by running
+the setfx program of snd-util-3.0.tar.gz package. This step is not required
+when using the (future) binary distribution version of the driver.
+
+Ensoniq SoundScape
+------------------
+
+NOTE!	The new PnP SoundScape is not supported yet. Soundscape compatible
+	cards made by Reveal don't work with Linux. They use older revision
+	of the Soundscape chipset which is not fully compatible with
+	newer cards made by Ensoniq.
+
+The SoundScape driver handles initialization of MSS and MPU supports
+itself so you don't need to enable other drivers than SoundScape
+(enable also the /dev/dsp, /dev/sequencer and MIDI supports).
+
+!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+!!!!!                                                                   !!!!
+!!!!! NOTE! Before version 3.5-beta6 there WERE two sets of audio 	!!!!
+!!!!!       device files (/dev/dsp0 and /dev/dsp1). The first one WAS   !!!!
+!!!!!	    used only for card initialization and the second for audio  !!!!
+!!!!!	    purposes. It WAS required to change /dev/dsp (a symlink) to !!!!
+!!!!!	    point to /dev/dsp1.						!!!!
+!!!!!                                                                   !!!!
+!!!!!	    This is not required with OSS versions 3.5-beta6 and later	!!!!
+!!!!!	    since there is now just one audio device file. Please 	!!!!
+!!!!!	    change /dev/dsp to point back to /dev/dsp0 if you are	!!!!
+!!!!!	    upgrading from an earlier driver version using		!!!!
+!!!!!	    (cd /dev;rm dsp;ln -s dsp0 dsp).				!!!!
+!!!!!                                                                   !!!!
+!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
+
+The configuration program asks one DMA channel and two interrupts. One IRQ
+and one DMA is used by the MSS codec. The second IRQ is required for the
+MPU401 mode (you have to use different IRQs for both purposes).
+There were earlier two DMA channels for SoundScape but the current driver
+version requires just one.
+
+The SoundScape card has a Motorola microcontroller which must initialized
+_after_ boot (the driver doesn't initialize it during boot).
+The initialization is done by running the 'ssinit' program which is
+distributed in the snd-util-3.0.tar.gz package. You have to edit two
+defines in the ssinit.c and then compile the program. You may run ssinit 
+manually (after each boot) or add it to /etc/rc.d/rc.local.
+
+The ssinit program needs the microcode file that comes with the DOS/Windows
+driver of the card. You will need to use version 1.30.00 or later
+of the microcode file (sndscape.co0 or sndscape.co1 depending on
+your card model). THE OLD sndscape.cod WILL NOT WORK. IT WILL HANG YOUR
+MACHINE. The only way to get the new microcode file is to download
+and install the DOS/Windows driver from ftp://ftp.ensoniq.com/pub.
+
+Then you have to select the proper microcode file to use: soundscape.co0
+is the right one for most cards and sndscape.co1 is for few (older) cards
+made by Reveal and/or Spea. The driver has capability to detect the card
+version during boot. Look at the boot log messages in /var/adm/messages
+and locate the sound driver initialization message for the SoundScape
+card. If the driver displays string <Ensoniq Soundscape (old)>, you have
+an old card and you will need to use sndscape.co1. For other cards use
+soundscape.co0. New Soundscape revisions such as Elite and PnP use
+code files with higher numbers (.co2, .co3, etc.).
+
+NOTE!	Ensoniq Soundscape VIVO is not compatible with other Soundscape cards.
+	Currently it's possible to use it in Linux only with OSS/Linux
+	drivers.
+
+Check /var/adm/messages after running ssinit. The driver prints
+the board version after downloading the microcode file. That version
+number must match the number in the name of the microcode file (extension).
+
+Running ssinit with a wrong version of the sndscape.co? file is not
+dangerous as long as you don't try to use a file called sndscape.cod.
+If you have initialized the card using a wrong microcode file (sounds
+are terrible), just modify ssinit.c to use another microcode file and try
+again. It's possible to use an earlier version of sndscape.co[01] but it
+may sound weird.
+
+MAD16 (Pro) and Mozart
+----------------------
+
+You need to enable just the MAD16 /Mozart support when configuring
+the driver. _Don't_ enable SB, MPU401 or MSS. However you will need the
+/dev/audio, /dev/sequencer and MIDI supports.
+
+Mozart and OPTi 82C928 (the original MAD16) chips don't support
+MPU401 mode so enter just 0 when the configuration program asks the
+MPU/MIDI I/O base. The MAD16 Pro (OPTi 82C929) and 82C930 chips have MPU401
+mode.
+
+TB Tropez is based on the 82C929 chip. It has two MIDI ports.
+The one connected to the MAD16 chip is the second one (there is a second
+MIDI connector/pins somewhere??). If you have not connected the second MIDI
+port, just disable the MIDI port of MAD16. The 'Maui' compatible synth of
+Tropez is jumper configurable and not connected to the MAD16 chip (the
+Maui driver can be used with it).
+
+Some MAD16 based cards may cause feedback, whistle or terrible noise if the
+line3 mixer channel is turned too high. This happens at least with Shuttle
+Sound System. Current driver versions set volume of line3 low enough so
+this should not be a problem.
+
+If you have a MAD16 card which have an OPL4 (FM + Wave table) synthesizer
+chip (_not_ an OPL3), you have to append a line containing #define MAD16_OPL4
+to the file linux/drivers/sound/local.h (after running make config).
+
+MAD16 cards having a CS4231 codec support full duplex mode. This mode
+can be enabled by configuring the card to use two DMA channels. Possible
+DMA channel pairs are: 0&1, 1&0 and 3&0.
+
+NOTE! Cards having an OPTi 82C924/82C925 chip work with OSS/Free only in
+non-PnP mode (usually jumper selectable). The PnP mode is supported only
+by OSS/Linux.
+
+MV Jazz (ProSonic)
+------------------
+
+The Jazz16 driver is just a hack made to the SB Pro driver. However it works
+fairly well. You have to enable SB, SB Pro (_not_ SB16) and MPU401 supports
+when configuring the driver. The configuration program asks later if you
+want support for MV Jazz16 based cards (after asking SB base address). Answer
+'y' here and the driver asks the second (16 bit) DMA channel.
+
+The Jazz16 driver uses the MPU401 driver in a way which will cause
+problems if you have another MPU401 compatible card. In this case you must
+give address of the Jazz16 based MPU401 interface when the config
+program prompts for the MPU401 information. Then look at the MPU401
+specific section for instructions about configuring more than one MPU401 cards.
+
+Logitech Soundman Wave
+----------------------
+
+Read the above MV Jazz specific instructions first.
+
+The Logitech SoundMan Wave (don't confuse this with the SM16 or SM Games) is
+a MV Jazz based card which has an additional OPL4 based wave table
+synthesizer. The OPL4 chip is handled by an on board microcontroller
+which must be initialized during boot. The config program asks if
+you have a SM Wave immediately after asking the second DMA channel of jazz16.
+If you answer 'y', the config program will ask name of the file containing
+code to be loaded to the microcontroller. The file is usually called
+MIDI0001.BIN and it's located in the DOS/Windows driver directory. The file
+may also be called as TSUNAMI.BIN or something else (older cards?).
+
+The OPL4 synth will be inaccessible without loading the microcontroller code.
+
+Also remember to enable SB MPU401 support if you want to use the OPL4 mode.
+(Don't enable the 'normal' MPU401 device as with some earlier driver
+versions (pre 3.5-alpha8)).
+
+NOTE!	Don't answer 'y' when the driver asks about SM Games support
+	(the next question after the MIDI0001.BIN name). However
+	answering 'y' doesn't cause damage your computer so don't panic. 
+
+Sound Galaxies
+--------------
+
+There are many different Sound Galaxy cards made by Aztech. The 8 bit
+ones are fully SB or SB Pro compatible and there should be no problems
+with them. 
+
+The older 16 bit cards (SG Pro16, SG NX Pro16, Nova and Lyra) have
+an EEPROM chip for storing the configuration data. There is a microcontroller
+which initializes the card to match the EEPROM settings when the machine
+is powered on. These cards actually behave just like they have jumpers
+for all of the settings. Configure driver for MSS, MPU, SB/SB Pro  and OPL3 
+supports with these cards. 
+
+There are some new Sound Galaxies in the market. I have no experience with
+them so read the card's manual carefully.
+
+ESS ES1688 and ES688 'AudioDrive' based cards
+---------------------------------------------
+
+Support for these two ESS chips is embedded in the SB driver.
+Configure these cards just like SB. Enable the 'SB MPU401 MIDI port'
+if you want to use MIDI features of ES1688. ES688 doesn't have MPU mode
+so you don't need to enable it (the driver uses normal SB MIDI automatically
+with ES688).
+
+NOTE! ESS cards are not compatible with MSS/WSS so don't worry if MSS support
+of OSS doesn't work with it.
+
+There are some ES1688/688 based sound cards and (particularily) motherboards
+which use software configurable I/O port relocation feature of the chip.
+This ESS proprietary feature is supported only by OSS/Linux.
+
+There are ES1688 based cards which use different interrupt pin assignment than
+recommended by ESS (5, 7, 9/2 and 10). In this case all IRQ's don't work.
+At least a card called (Pearl?) Hypersound 16 supports IRQ15 but it doesn't
+work.
+
+ES1868 is a PnP chip which is (supposed to be) compatible with ESS1688
+brobably works with OSS/Free after initialization using isapnptools.
+
+Reveal cards
+------------
+
+There are several different cards made/marketed by Reveal. Some of them
+are compatible with SoundScape and some use the MAD16 chip. You may have
+to look at the card and try to identify its origin.
+
+Diamond
+-------
+
+The oldest (Sierra Aria based) sound cards made by Diamond are not supported
+(they may work if the card is initialized using DOS). The recent (LX?)
+models are based on the MAD16 chip which is supported by the driver.
+
+Audio Excel DSP16
+-----------------
+
+Support for this card is currently not functional. A new driver for it
+should be available later this year.
+
+PCMCIA cards
+------------
+
+Sorry, can't help. Some cards may work and some don't.
+
+TI TM4000M notebooks
+--------------------
+
+These computers have a built in sound support based on the Jazz chipset.
+Look at the instructions for MV Jazz (above). It's also important to note
+that there is something wrong with the mouse port and sound at least on
+some TM models. Don't enable the "C&T 82C710 mouse port support" when
+configuring Linux. Having it enabled is likely to cause mysterious problems
+and kernel failures when sound is used.
+
+miroSOUND
+---------
+
+The miroSOUND PCM12 has been used successfully. This card is based on
+the MAD16, OPL4, and CS4231A chips and everything said in the section
+about MAD16 cards applies here, too. The only major difference between
+the PCM12 and other MAD16 cards is that instead of the mixer in the
+CS4231 codec a separate mixer controlled by an on-board 80C32
+microcontroller is used. Control of the mixer takes place via the ACI
+(miro's audio control interface) protocol that is implemented in a
+separate lowlevel driver. Make sure you compile this ACI driver
+together with the normal MAD16 support when you use a miroSOUND PCM12
+card. The ACI mixer is controlled by /dev/mixer and the CS4231 mixer
+by /dev/mixer2. You usually don't want to change anything on the
+CS4231 mixer.
+
+The miroSOUND PCM12 is capable of full duplex operation (simultaneous
+PCM replay and recording), which allows you to implement nice
+real-time signal processing audio effect software and network
+telephones. The ACI mixer has to be configured into a special "solo"
+mode for duplex operation in order to avoid feedback caused by the
+mixer (input hears output signal). See lowlevel/aci.c for details on
+the ioctl() for activating the "solo" mode.
+
+The following configuration parameters have worked fine for the PCM12
+in Markus Kuhn's system, many other configurations might work, too:
+CONFIG_MAD16_BASE=0x530, CONFIG_MAD16_IRQ=11, CONFIG_MAD16_DMA=3, 
+CONFIG_MAD16_DMA2=0, CONFIG_MAD16_MPU_BASE=0x330, CONFIG_MAD16_MPU_IRQ=10,
+DSP_BUFFSIZE=65536, SELECTED_SOUND_OPTIONS=0x00281000.
+
+The miroSOUND PCM1 pro and the PCM20 are very similar to the PCM12.
+Perhaps the same ACI driver also works for these cards, however this
+has never actually been tested. The PCM20 contains a radio tuner,
+which is also controlled by ACI. This radio tuner is currently not
+supported by the ACI driver, but documentation for it was provided by
+miro and ACI tuner support could easily be added if someone is really
+interested.
+
+Compaq Deskpro XL
+-----------------
+
+The builtin sound hardware of Compaq Deskpro XL is now supported. 
+You need to configure the driver with MSS and OPL3 supports enabled.
+In addition you need to manually edit linux/drivers/sound/local.h and
+to add a line containing "#define DESKPROXL" if you used 
+make menuconfig/xconfig.
+
+Others?
+-------
+
+Since there are so many different sound cards, it's likely that I have 
+forgotten to mention many of them. Please inform me if you know yet another
+card which works with Linux, please inform me (or is anybody else
+willing to maintain a database of supported cards (just like in XF86)?).
+
+Cards not supported yet
+=======================
+
+Please check the version of sound driver you are using before 
+complaining that your card is not supported. It's possible you are 
+using a driver version which was released months before your card was
+introduced.  The driver's release date is listed after its version number in a
+"cat /dev/sndstat" printout and in the file linux/drivers/sound/soundvers.h.
+
+First of all, there is an easy way to make most sound cards work with Linux.
+Just use the DOS based driver to initialize the card to a known state, then use
+loadlin.exe to boot Linux. If Linux is configured to use the same I/O, IRQ and
+DMA numbers as DOS, the card could work.
+(ctrl-alt-del can be used in place of loadlin.exe but it doesn't work with
+new motherboards). This method works also with all/most PnP sound cards.
+
+Don't get fooled with SB compatibility. Most cards are compatible with
+SB but that may require a TSR which is not possible with Linux. If
+the card is compatible with MSS, it's a better choice. Some cards
+don't work in the SB and MSS modes at the same time.
+
+Then there are cards which are no longer manufactured and/or which
+are relatively rarely used (such as the 8 bit ProAudioSpectrum
+models). It's extremely unlikely that such cards ever get supported.
+Adding support for a new card requires much work and increases time
+required in maintaining the driver (some changes need to be done
+to all low level drivers and be tested too, maybe with multiple
+operating systems). For this reason I have made a decision to not support
+obsolete cards. It's possible that someone else makes a separately 
+distributed driver (diffs) for the card. 
+
+Writing a driver for a new card is not possible if there are no 
+programming information available about the card. If you don't
+find your new card from this file, look from the home page 
+(http://www.opensound.com/ossfree). Then please contact
+manufacturer of the card and ask if they have (or are willing to)
+released technical details of the card. Do this before contacting me. I
+can only answer 'no' if there are no programming information available.
+
+I have made decision to not accept code based on reverse engineering
+to the driver. There are three main reasons: First I don't want to break
+relationships to sound card manufacturers. The second reason is that
+maintaining and supporting a driver without any specs will be a pain.
+The third reason is that companies have freedom to refuse selling their
+products to other than Windows users.
+
+Some companies don't give low level technical information about their
+products to public or at least their require signing a NDA. It's not
+possible to implement a freeware driver for them. However it's possible
+that support for such cards become available in the commercial version
+of this driver (see http://www.4Front-tech.com/oss.html for more info).
+
+There are some common audio chipsets that are not supported yet. For example
+Sierra Aria and IBM Mwave. It's possible that these architectures
+get some support in future but I can't make any promises. Just look
+at the home page (http://www.opensound.com/ossfree/new_cards.html)
+for latest info.
+
+Information about unsupported sound cards and chipsets is welcome as well
+as free copies of sound cards, SDKs and operating systems.
+
+If you have any corrections and/or comments, please contact me.
+
+Hannu Savolainen
+hannu@opensound.com
+
+Personal home page:	   http://www.compusonic.fi/~hannu
+home page of OSS/Free: http://www.opensound.com/ossfree
+
+home page of commercial OSS
+(Open Sound System) drivers: http://www.opensound.com/oss.html
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/README.awe b/Documentation/sound/README.awe
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a9f86a670
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/README.awe
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+================================================================
+	AWE32 Sound Driver for Linux / FreeBSD
+		version 0.4.3; Nov. 1, 1998
+
+	Takashi Iwai <iwai@ww.uni-erlangen.de>
+================================================================
+
+* GENERAL NOTES
+
+This is a sound driver extension for SoundBlaster AWE32 and other
+compatible cards (AWE32-PnP, SB32, SB32-PnP, AWE64 & etc) to enable
+the wave synth operations.  The driver is provided for both Linux
+1.2.x and 2.[01].x kernels, and also FreeBSD, on Intel x86 and DEC
+Alpha systems.
+
+This driver was written by Takashi Iwai <iwai@ww.uni-erlangen.de>,
+and provided "as is".  The original source (awedrv-0.4.3.tar.gz) and
+binary packages are available on the following URL:
+	http://bahamut.mm.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~iwai/awedrv/
+Note that since the author is apart from this web site, the update is
+not frequent now.
+
+
+* NOTE TO LINUX USERS
+
+To enable this driver on linux-2.[01].x kernels, you need turn on both 
+"lowlevel drivers support" and "AWE32 synth support" options in sound
+menu when configure your linux kernel and modules.  The precise
+installation procedure is described in the AWE64-Mini-HOWTO and
+linux-kernel/Documetation/sound/AWE32.
+
+If you're using PnP cards, the card must be initialized before loading
+the sound driver.  There're several options to do this:
+    - Initialize the card via ISA PnP tools, and load the sound module.
+    - Initialize the card on DOS, and load linux by loadlin.exe
+    - Use PnP kernel driver (for Linux-2.x.x)
+The detailed instruction for the solution using isapnp tools is found
+in many documents like above.  A brief instruction is also included in
+the installation document of this package.
+For PnP driver project, please refer to the following URL:
+	http://www-jcr.lmh.ox.ac.uk/~pnp/
+
+
+* USING THE DRIVER
+
+The awedrv has several different playing modes to realize easy channel 
+allocation for MIDI songs.  To hear the exact sound quality, you need
+to obtain the extended sequencer program, drvmidi or playmidi-2.5.
+
+For playing MIDI files, you *MUST* load the soundfont file on the
+driver previously by sfxload utility.  Otherwise you'll here no sounds 
+at all!  All the utilities and driver source packages are found in the
+above URL.  The sfxload program is included in the package
+awesfx-0.4.3.tgz.  Binary packages are available there, too.  See the
+instruction in each package for installation.
+
+Loading a soundfont file is very simple.  Just execute the command
+
+	% sfxload synthgm.sbk
+
+Then, sfxload transfers the file "synthgm.sbk" to the driver.
+Both SF1 and SF2 formats are accepted.
+
+Now you can hear midi musics by a midi player.
+
+	% drvmidi foo.mid
+
+If you run MIDI player after MOD player, you need to load soundfont
+files again, since MOD player programs clear the previous loaded
+samples by their own data.
+
+If you have only 512kb on the sound card, I recommend to use dynamic
+sample loading via -L option of drvmidi.  2MB GM/GS soundfont file is
+available in most midi files.
+
+	% sfxload synthgm
+	% drvmidi -L 2mbgmgs foo.mid
+
+This makes a big differece (believe me)!  For more details, please
+refer to the FAQ list which is available on the URL above.
+
+The current chorus, reverb and equalizer status can be changed by
+aweset utility program (included in awesfx package).  Note that
+some awedrv-native programs (like drvmidi and xmp) will change the
+current settings by themselves.  The aweset program is effective
+only for other programs like playmidi.
+
+Enjoy.
+
+
+* COMPILE FLAGS
+
+Compile conditions are defined in awe_config.h.
+
+[Compatibility Conditions]
+The following flags are defined automatically when using installation
+shell script.
+
+- AWE_MODULE_SUPPORT
+    indicates your linux kernel supports module for each soundcard
+    (in recent 2.1 kernels and unofficial patched 2.0 kernels as
+     distributed in the RH5.0 package).
+    This flag is automatically set when you're using 2.1.x kernels.
+    You can pass the base address and memory size via the following
+    module options,
+	io = base I/O port address (eg. 0x620)
+	memsize = DRAM size in Kbyes (eg. 512)
+    As default, AWE driver probes these values automatically.
+
+
+[Hardware Conditions]
+You DON'T have to define the following two values.
+Define them only when the driver couldn't detect the card properly.
+
+- AWE_DEFAULT_BASE_ADDR		(default: not defined)
+    specifies the base port address of your AWE32 card.
+    0 means to autodetect the address.
+
+- AWE_DEFAULT_MEM_SIZE		(default: not defined)
+    specifies the memory size of your AWE32 card in kilo bytes.
+    -1 means to autodetect its size.
+    
+
+[Sample Table Size]
+From ver.0.4.0, sample tables are allocated dynamically (except
+Linux-1.2.x system), so you need NOT to touch these parameters.
+Linux-1.2.x users may need to increase these values to apropriate size 
+if larger DRAM is equipped with the soundcard.
+
+- AWE_MAX_SF_LISTS, AWE_MAX_SAMPLES, AWE_MAX_INFOS
+
+
+[Other Conditions]
+
+- AWE_ALWAYS_INIT_FM		(default: not defined)
+    indicates the AWE driver always initialize FM passthrough even
+    without DRAM on board.  Emu8000 chip has a restriction for playing
+    samples on DRAM that at least two channels must be occupied as
+    passthrough channels. 
+
+- AWE_DEBUG_ON			(default: defined)
+    turns on debuggin messages if defined.
+
+- AWE_HAS_GUS_COMPATIBILITY	(default: defined)
+    Enables GUS compatibility mode if defined, reading GUS patches and 
+    GUS control commands.  Define this option to use GMOD or other
+    GUS module players.
+
+- CONFIG_AWE32_MIDIEMU		(default: defined)
+    Adds a MIDI emulation device by Emu8000 wavetable.  The emulation
+    device can be accessed as an external MIDI, and sends the MIDI
+    control codes directly.  XG and GS sysex/NRPN are accepted.
+    No MIDI input is supported.
+
+- CONFIG_AWE32_MIXER		(default: not defined)
+    Adds a mixer device for AWE32 bass/treble equalizer control.
+    You can access this device using /dev/mixer?? (usually mixer01).
+
+- AWE_USE_NEW_VOLUME_CALC	(default: defined)
+    Use the new method to calculate the volume change as compatible
+    with DOS/Win drivers.  This option can be toggled via aweset
+    program, or drvmidi player.
+
+- AWE_CHECK_VTARGET		(default: defined)
+    Check the current volume target value when searching for an
+    empty channel to allocate a new voice.  This is experimentally
+    implemented in this version.  (probably, this option doesn't
+    affect the sound quality severely...)
+
+- AWE_ALLOW_SAMPLE_SHARING	(default: defined)
+   Allow sample sharing for differently loaded patches.
+   This function is available only together with awesfx-0.4.3p3.
+   Note that this is still an experimantal option.
+
+- DEF_FM_CHORUS_DEPTH		(default: 0x10)
+    The default strength to be sent to the chorus effect engine.
+    From 0 to 0xff.  Larger numbers may often cause weird sounds.
+
+- DEF_FM_REVERB_DEPTH		(default: 0x10)
+    The default strength to be sent to the reverb effect engine.
+    From 0 to 0xff.  Larger numbers may often cause weird sounds.
+
+
+* ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
+
+Thanks to Witold Jachimczyk (witek@xfactor.wpi.edu) for many advices
+to programming of AWE32.  Many codes are brought from his AWE32-native 
+MOD player, ALMP.
+The port of awedrv to FreeBSD is done by Randall Hopper
+(rhh@ct.picker.com).
+The new volume calculation routine was derived from Mark Weaver's
+ADIP compatible routines.
+I also thank linux-awe-ml members for their efforts
+to reboot their system many times :-)
+
+
+* TODO'S
+
+- Complete DOS/Win compatibility
+- DSP-like output
+
+
+* COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright (C) 1996-1998 Takashi Iwai
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/README.modules b/Documentation/sound/README.modules
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..91d044586
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/README.modules
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+Building a modular sound driver
+================================
+
+  The following information is current as of linux-2.1.85. Check the other
+readme files, especially README.OSS, for information not specific to
+making sound modular.
+
+  First, configure your kernel. This is an idea of what you should be
+setting in the sound section:
+
+<M> Sound card support 
+
+<M> 100% Sound Blaster compatibles (SB16/32/64, ESS, Jazz16) support 
+
+  I have SoundBlaster. Select your card from the list.
+
+<M> Generic OPL2/OPL3 FM synthesizer support 
+<M> FM synthesizer (YM3812/OPL-3) support 
+
+  If you don't set these, you will probably find you can play .wav files
+but not .midi. As the help for them says, set them unless you know your
+card does not use one of these chips for FM support.
+
+  Once you are configured, make zlilo, modules, modules_install; reboot.
+Note that it is no longer necessary or possible to configure sound in the
+drivers/sound dir. Now one simply configures and makes one's kernel and
+modules in the usual way.
+
+ Then, add to your /etc/modules.conf or /etc/conf.modules something like:
+
+alias char-major-14 sb
+post-install sb /sbin/modprobe "-k" "adlib_card"
+options sb io=0x220 irq=7 dma=1 dma16=5 mpu_io=0x330
+options adlib_card io=0x388     # FM synthesizer
+
+  The effect of this is that the sound driver and all necessary bits and
+pieces autoload on demand, assuming you use kerneld (a sound choice) and
+autoclean when not in use. Also, options for the device drivers are
+set. They will not work without them. Change as appropriate for your card.
+If you are not yet using the very cool kerneld, you will have to "modprobe
+-k sb" yourself to get things going. Eventually things may be fixed so
+that this kludgery is not necessary; for the time being, it seems to work
+well.
+
+  Replace 'sb' with the driver for your card, and give it the right
+options. To find the filename of the driver, look in
+/lib/modules/<kernel-version>/misc. Mine looks like:
+
+adlib_card.o # This is the generic OPLx driver
+opl3.o # The OPL3 driver
+sb.o # <<The SoundBlaster driver. Yours may differ.>>
+sound.o # The sound driver
+uart401.o # Used by sb, maybe other cards
+
+ Whichever card you have, try feeding it the options that would be the
+default if you were making the driver wired, not as modules. You can look
+at the init_module() code for the card to see what args are expected.
+
+ Note that at present there is no way to configure the io, irq and other
+parameters for the modular drivers as one does for the wired drivers.. One
+needs to pass the modules the necessary parameters as arguments, either
+with /etc/modules.conf or with command-line args to modprobe, e.g.
+
+modprobe -k sb io=0x220 irq=7 dma=1 dma16=5 mpu_io=0x330
+modprobe -k adlib_card io=0x388
+
+ recommend using /etc/modules.conf.
+
+Persistent DMA Buffers:
+
+The sound modules normally allocate DMA buffers during open() and
+deallocate them during close(). Linux can often have problems allocating
+DMA buffers for ISA cards on machines with more than 16MB RAM. This is
+because ISA DMA buffers must exist below the 16MB boundry and it is quite
+possible that we can't find a large enough free block in this region after
+the machine has been running for any amount of time. The way to avoid this
+problem is to allocate the DMA buffers during module load and deallocate
+them when the module is unloaded. For this to be effective we need to load
+the sound modules right after the kernel boots, either manually or by an
+init script, and keep them around until we shut down. This is a little
+wasteful of RAM, but it guarantees that sound always works.
+
+To make the sound driver use persistent DMA buffers we need to pass the
+sound.o module a "dmabuf=1" command-line argument. This is normally done
+in /etc/conf.modules (or the more proper /etc/modules.conf) like so:
+
+options sound		dmabuf=1
+
+If you have 16MB or less RAM or a PCI sound card, this is wasteful and
+unnecessary. It is possible that machine with 16MB or less RAM will find
+this option useful, but if your machine is so memory-starved that it
+cannot find a 64K block free, you will be wasting even more RAM by keeping
+the sound modules loaded and the DMA buffers allocated when they are not
+needed. The proper solution is to upgrade your RAM. But you do also have
+this improper solution as well. Use it wisely.
+
+  I'm afraid I know nothing about anything but my setup, being more of a
+text-mode guy anyway. If you have options for other cards or other helpful
+hints, send them to me, Jim Bray, jb@as220.org, http://as220.org/jb.
diff --git a/Documentation/sound/VIA-chipset b/Documentation/sound/VIA-chipset
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37865234e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/sound/VIA-chipset
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+Running sound cards on VIA chipsets
+
+o	There are problems with VIA chipsets and sound cards that appear to
+	lock the hardware solidly. Test programs under DOS have verified the
+	problem exists on at least some (but apparently not all) VIA boards
+
+o	VIA have so far failed to bother to answer support mail on the subject
+	so if you are a VIA engineer feeling aggrieved as you read this 
+	document go chase your own people. If there is a workaround please
+	let us know so we can implement it.
+
+
+Certain patterns of ISA DMA access used for most PC sound cards cause the
+VIA chipsets to lock up. From the collected reports this appears to cover a
+wide range of boards. Some also lock up with sound cards under Win* as well.
+
+Linux implements a workaround providing your chipset is PCI and you compiled
+with PCI Quirks enabled. If so you will see a message
+	"Activating ISA DMA bug workarounds"
+
+during booting. If you have a VIA PCI chipset that hangs when you use the
+sound and is not generating this message even with PCI quirks enabled
+please report the information to the linux-kernel list (see REPORTING-BUGS).
+
+If you are one of the tiny number of unfortunates with a 486 ISA/VLB VIA
+chipset board you need to do the following to build a special kernel for
+your board
+
+	edit linux/include/asm-i386/dma.h
+
+change
+
+#define isa_dma_bridge_buggy 	(0)
+
+to
+
+#define isa_dma_bridge_buggy 	(1)
+
+and rebuild a kernel without PCI quirk support.
+
+
+Other than this particular glitch the VIA [M]VP* chipsets appear to work
+perfectly with Linux.