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Linux 2.4 on the CRIS architecture
==================================
$Id: README,v 1.5 2001/01/10 17:20:55 bjornw Exp $
This is a port of Linux 2.4 to Axis Communications ETRAX 100LX embedded network CPU. For
more information about CRIS and ETRAX please see further below.
<... to come: instructions on how to grab the right gcc, compiling and booting ...>
What is CRIS ?
--------------
CRIS is an acronym for 'Code Reduced Instruction Set'. It is the CPU architecture in Axis
Communication AB's range of embedded network CPU's, called ETRAX. The latest CPU is called
ETRAX 100LX, where LX stands for 'Linux' because the chip was designed to be a good host for
the Linux operating system.
The ETRAX 100LX chip
--------------------
For reference, plase see the press-release:
http://www.axis.com/news/us/001101_etrax.htm
The ETRAX 100LX is a 100 MIPS processor with 8kB cache, MMU, and a very broad range of
built-in interfaces, all with modern scatter/gather DMA.
Memory interfaces:
* SRAM
* NOR-flash/ROM
* EDO or page-mode DRAM
* SDRAM
I/O interfaces:
* one 10/100 Mbit/s ethernet controller
* four serial-ports (up to 6 Mbit/s)
* two synchronous serial-ports for multimedia codec's etc.
* USB host controller and USB slave
* ATA
* SCSI
* two parallel-ports
* two generic 8-bit ports
(not all interfaces are available at the same time due to chip pin multiplexing)
The previous version of the ETRAX, the ETRAX 100, sits in almost all of Axis shipping
thin-servers like the Axis 2100 web camera or the developer-board. It lacks an MMU so the
Linux we run on that is a version of uClinux (Linux 2.0 without MM-support) ported to the CRIS
architecture. The new Linux 2.4 port has full MM and needs a CPU with an MMU, so it will not
run on the ETRAX 100.
A version of the Axis developer-board with ETRAX 100LX will be available as soon as the chip
is ramped up (please see http://developer.axis.com for further information on that).
Bootlog
-------
Just as an example, this is the debug-output from a boot of Linux 2.4 on an Axis
developer-board with ETRAX 100LX. The displayed BogoMIPS value is 5 times too small :)
At the end you see some user-mode programs booting like telnet and ftp daemons.
Linux version 2.4.0-test11 (bjornw@godzilla.axis.se) (gcc version 2.96 20000427 (experimental)) #358 Wed Nov 22 19:29:15 CET 2000
ROM fs in RAM, size 368640 bytes
Setting up paging and the MMU.
On node 0 totalpages: 1024
zone(0): 1024 pages.
zone(1): 0 pages.
zone(2): 0 pages.
Linux/CRIS port (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
Kernel command line:
Calibrating delay loop... 19.92 BogoMIPS
Memory: 6864k/8192k available (531k kernel code, 1328k reserved, 85k data, 24k init)
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - vm_area_struct
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - filp
Dentry-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
Buffer-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
Page-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - kiobuf
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - bdev_cache
Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - inode_cache
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - skbuff_head_cache
Starting kswapd v1.8
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - file lock cache
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - blkdev_requests
ETRAX 100LX 10/100MBit ethernet v2.0 (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
eth0 initialized
eth0: changed MAC to 00:40:8C:CD:00:00
ETRAX 100LX serial-driver $Revision: 1.5 $, (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
ttyS0 at 0xb0000060 is a builtin UART with DMA
ttyS1 at 0xb0000068 is a builtin UART with DMA
ttyS2 at 0xb0000070 is a builtin UART with DMA
ttyS3 at 0xb0000078 is a builtin UART with DMA
NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - ip_dst_cache
IP: routing cache hash table of 1024 buckets, 8Kbytes
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Init starts up...
Setting up eth0 with ip 10.13.9.116 and mac 00:40:8c:18:04:60
eth0: changed MAC to 00:40:8C:18:04:60
Setting up lo with ip 127.0.0.1
Default gateway is 10.13.9.1
Hostname is bbox1
Telnetd starting, using port 23.
using /bin/sh as shell.
sftpd[14]: sftpd $Revision: 1.5 $ starting up
And here is how some /proc entries look:
17# cd /proc
17# cat cpuinfo
cpu : ETRAX
cpu revision : 10
cpu model : ETRAX 100LX
cache size : 8 kB
fpu : no
mmu : yes
ethernet : 10/100 Mbps
token ring : no
scsi : yes
ata : yes
usb : yes
bogomips : 99.84
17# cat meminfo
total: used: free: shared: buffers: cached:
Mem: 7028736 925696 6103040 114688 0 229376
Swap: 0 0 0
MemTotal: 6864 kB
MemFree: 5960 kB
MemShared: 112 kB
Buffers: 0 kB
Cached: 224 kB
Active: 224 kB
Inact_dirty: 0 kB
Inact_clean: 0 kB
Inact_target: 0 kB
HighTotal: 0 kB
HighFree: 0 kB
LowTotal: 6864 kB
LowFree: 5960 kB
SwapTotal: 0 kB
SwapFree: 0 kB
17# ls -l /bin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 342 100 10356 Jan 01 00:00 ifconfig
-rwxr-xr-x 1 342 100 17548 Jan 01 00:00 init
-rwxr-xr-x 1 342 100 9488 Jan 01 00:00 route
-rwxr-xr-x 1 342 100 46036 Jan 01 00:00 sftpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 342 100 48104 Jan 01 00:00 sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 342 100 16252 Jan 01 00:00 telnetd
(All programs are statically linked to the libc at this point - we have not ported the
shared libraries yet)
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