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Linux DECnet Networking Layer Information
===========================================
1) Other documentation....
o Project Home Pages
http://www.sucs.swan.ac.uk/~rohan/DECnet/index.html - Kernel info
http://linux-decnet.sourceforge.net/ - Userland tools
o FTP sites
ftp://ftp.sucs.swan.ac.uk/pub/Linux/DECnet/
- Swansea University Computer Society DECnet Archive
(contains kernel patches and info)
- Mirror of userland tools on ftp.dreamtime.org
- Mirror of Alexey Kuznetsov's iproute2 package and
other utilities
ftp://linux-decnet.sourceforge.net/pub/linux-decnet/
- Patrick Caulfield's archive of userland tools and
Eduardo Serrat's kernel patches
2) Configuring the kernel
Be sure to turn on the following options:
CONFIG_DECNET (obviously)
CONFIG_PROC_FS (to see what's going on)
CONFIG_SYSCTL (for easy configuration)
if you want to try out router support (not properly debugged yet)
you'll need the following options as well...
CONFIG_DECNET_ROUTER (to be able to add/delete routes)
CONFIG_NETLINK (to allow rtnetlink)
CONFIG_RTNETLINK (for communication with the kernel routing layer)
CONFIG_NETFILTER (will be required for the DECnet routing daemon)
3) Command line options
The kernel command line takes options looking like the following:
decnet=1,2
the two numbers are the node address 1,2 = 1.2 For 2.2.xx kernels
and early 2.3.xx kernels, you must use a comma when specifying the
DECnet address like this. For more recent 2.3.xx kernels, you may
use almost any character except space, although a `.` would be the most
obvious choice :-)
There used to be a third number specifying the node type. This option
has gone away in favour of a per interface node type. This is now set
using /proc/sys/net/decnet/conf/<dev>/forwarding. This file can be
set with a single digit, 0=EndNode, 1=L1 Router and 2=L2 Router.
There are also equivalent options for modules. The node address can
also be set through the /proc/sys/net/decnet/ files, as can other system
parameters.
Currently the only supported devices are ethernet and ip_gre. The
ethernet address of your ethernet card has to be set according to the DECnet
address of the node in order for it to be recognised (and thus appear in
/proc/net/decnet_dev). There is a utility available at the above
FTP sites called dn2ethaddr which can compute the correct ethernet
address to use. The address can be set by ifconfig either before at
at the time the device is brought up. If you are using RedHat you can
add the line:
MACADDR=AA:00:04:00:03:04
or something similar, to /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 or
wherever your network card's configuration lives.
You will also need to set /proc/sys/net/decnet/default_device to the
device you want DECnet to route packets out of when no specific route
is available. Usually this will be eth0, for example:
echo -n "eth0" >/proc/sys/net/decnet/default_device
There is a list of what the other files under /proc/sys/net/decnet/ do
on the kernel patch web site (shown above).
4) Run time kernel configuration
This is either done through the sysctl/proc interface (see the kernel web
pages for details on what the various options do) or through the iproute2
package in the same way as IPv4/6 configuration is performed.
Documentation for iproute2 is included with the package, although there is
as yet no specific section on DECnet, most of the features apply to both
IP and DECnet, albeit with DECnet addresses instead of IP addresses and
a reduced functionality.
If you want to configure a DECnet router you'll need the iproute2 package
since its the _only_ way to add and delete routes currently. Eventually
there will be a routing daemon to send and receive routing messages for
each interface and update the kernel routing tables accordingly. The
routing daemon will use netfilter to listen to routing packets, and
rtnetlink to update the kernels routing tables.
The DECnet raw socket layer has been removed since it was there purely
for use by the routing daemon which will now use netfilter (a much cleaner
and more generic solution) instead.
5) How can I tell if its working ?
Here is a quick guide of what to look for in order to know if your DECnet
kernel subsystem is working.
- Is the node address set (see /proc/sys/net/decnet/node_address)
- Is the node of the correct type
(see /proc/sys/net/decnet/conf/<dev>/forwarding)
- Is the Ethernet MAC address of each Ethernet card set to match
the DECnet address. If in doubt use the dn2ethaddr utility available
at the ftp archive.
- If the previous two steps are satisfied, and the Ethernet card is up,
you should find that it is listed in /proc/net/decnet_dev and also
that it appears as a directory in /proc/sys/net/decnet/conf/. The
loopback device (lo) should also appear and is required to communicate
within a node.
- If you have any DECnet routers on your network, they should appear
in /proc/net/decnet_neigh, otherwise this file will only contain the
entry for the node itself (if it doesn't check to see if lo is up).
- If you want to send to any node which is not listed in the
/proc/net/decnet_neigh file, you'll need to set the default device
to point to an Ethernet card with connection to a router. This is
again done with the /proc/sys/net/decnet/default_device file.
- Try starting a simple server and client, like the dnping/dnmirror
over the loopback interface. With luck they should communicate.
For this step and those after, you'll need the DECnet library
which can be obtained from the above ftp sites as well as the
actual utilities themselves.
- If this seems to work, then try talking to a node on your local
network, and see if you can obtain the same results.
- At this point you are on your own... :-)
6) How to send a bug report
If you've found a bug and want to report it, then there are several things
you can do to help me work out exactly what it is that is wrong. Useful
information (_most_ of which _is_ _essential_) includes:
- What kernel version are you running ?
- What version of the patch are you running ?
- How far though the above set of tests can you get ?
- What is in the /proc/decnet* files and /proc/sys/net/decnet/* files ?
- Which services are you running ?
- Which client caused the problem ?
- How much data was being transferred ?
- Was the network congested ?
- If there was a kernel panic, please run the output through ksymoops
before sending it to me, otherwise its _useless_.
- How can the problem be reproduced ?
- Can you use tcpdump to get a trace ? (N.B. Most (all?) versions of
tcpdump don't understand how to dump DECnet properly, so including
the hex listing of the packet contents is _essential_, usually the -x flag.
You may also need to increase the length grabbed with the -s flag. The
-e flag also provides very useful information (ethernet MAC addresses))
7) Mailing list
If you are keen to get involved in development, or want to ask questions
about configuration, or even just report bugs, then there is a mailing
list that you can join, details are at:
http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=4993
8) Legal Info
The Linux DECnet project team have placed their code under the GPL. The
software is provided "as is" and without warranty express or implied.
DECnet is a trademark of Compaq. This software is not a product of
Compaq. We acknowledge the help of people at Compaq in providing extra
documentation above and beyond what was previously publicly available.
Steve Whitehouse <SteveW@ACM.org>
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