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Documentation/networking/vortex.txt
Andrew Morton <andrewm@uow.edu.au>
30 April 2000
This document describes the usage and errata of the 3Com "Vortex" device
driver for Linux, 3c59x.c.
The driver was written by Donald Becker <becker@cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov>
Don is no longer the prime maintener of this version of the driver.
Please report problems to one or more of:
Andrew Morton <andrewm@uow.edu.au>
Netdev mailing list <netdev@oss.sgi.com>
Linux kernel mailing list <linux-kernel@vger.rutgers.edu>
Please note the 'Reporting and Diagnosing Problems' section at the end
of this file.
Since kernel 2.3.99-pre6, this driver incorporates the support for the
3c575-series Cardbus cards which used to be handled by 3c575_cb.c.
This driver supports the following hardware:
3c590 Vortex 10Mbps
3c592 EISA 10mbps Demon/Vortex
3c597 EISA Fast Demon/Vortex
3c595 Vortex 100baseTx
3c595 Vortex 100baseT4
3c595 Vortex 100base-MII
3Com Vortex
3c900 Boomerang 10baseT
3c900 Boomerang 10Mbps Combo
3c900 Cyclone 10Mbps TPO
3c900 Cyclone 10Mbps Combo
3c900 Cyclone 10Mbps TPC
3c900B-FL Cyclone 10base-FL
3c905 Boomerang 100baseTx
3c905 Boomerang 100baseT4
3c905B Cyclone 100baseTx
3c905B Cyclone 10/100/BNC
3c905B-FX Cyclone 100baseFx
3c905C Tornado
3c980 Cyclone
3cSOHO100-TX Hurricane
3c555 Laptop Hurricane
3c575 Boomerang CardBus
3CCFE575 Cyclone CardBus
3CCFE575CT Cyclone CardBus
3CCFE656 Cyclone CardBus
3CCFEM656 Cyclone CardBus
3c450 Cyclone/unknown
3Com Boomerang (unknown version)
Module parameters
=================
There are several parameters which may be provided to the driver when
its module is loaded. These are usually placed in /etc/modules.conf
(used to be conf.modules). Example:
options 3c59x debug=3 rx_copybreak=300
If you are using the PCMCIA tools (cardmgr) then theoptions may be
placed in /etc/pcmcia/config.opts:
module "3c59x" opts "debug=3 extra_reset=1"
The supported parameters are:
debug=N
Where N is a number from 0 to 7. Anything above 3 produces a lot
of output in your system logs. debug=1 is default.
options=N1,N2,N3,...
Each number in the list provides an option to the corresponding
network card. So if you have two 3c905's and you wish to provide
them with option 0x204 you would use:
options=0x204,0x204
The individual options are composed of a number of bitfields which
have the following meanings:
ssible media type settings
0 10baseT
1 10Mbs AUI
2 undefined
3 10base2 (BNC)
4 100base-TX
5 100base-FX
6 MII (Media Independent Interface)
7 Use default setting from EEPROM
8 Autonegotiate
9 External MII
10 Use default setting from EEPROM
When generating a value for the 'options' setting, the above media
selection values may be OR'ed (or added to) the following:
512 (0x200) Force full-duplex
16 (0x10) Bus-master enable bit (Old Vortex cards only)
For example:
insmod 3c59x options=0x204
will force full-duplex 100base-TX, rather than allowing the usual
autonegotiation.
full_duplex=N1,N2,N3...
Similar to bit 9 of 'options'. Forces the corresponding card into
full-duplex mode.
rx_copybreak=M
The driver preallocates 32 full-sized (1536 byte) network buffers
for receiving. When a packet arrives, the driver has to decide
whether to leave the packet in its full-sized buffer, or to allocate
a smaller buffer and copy the packet across into it.
This is a speed/space tradeoff.
The value of rx_copybreak is used to decide when to make the copy.
If the packet size is less than rx_copybreak, the packet is copied.
The default value for rx_copybreak is 200 bytes.
max_interrupt_work=N
The driver's interrupt service routine can handle many receive and
transmit packets in a single invokation. It does this in a loop.
The value of max_interrupt_work governs how mnay times the interrupt
service routine will loop. The default value is 32 loops. If this
is exceeded the interrupt service routine gives up and generates a
warning message "eth0: Too much work in interrupt".
extra_reset=N
Where N is 0 or 1 (default 0).
Some network cards (notably 3CCFE575CT Cardbus) do not initialise
correctly and need an extra transmitter reset. If you find that the
card comes up receiving but not transmitting, try giving the module
the 'extra_reset=1' option.
compaq_ioaddr=N
compaq_irq=N
compaq_device_id=N
"Variables to work-around the Compaq PCI BIOS32 problem"....
Additional resources
--------------------
Details of the device driver implementation are at the top of the source file.
Additional documentation is available at Don Becker's Linux Drivers site:
http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/vortex.html
Donald Becker's driver development site:
http://www.scyld.com
http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/
Don's vortex-diag program is useful for inspecting the NIC's state:
http://www.scyld.com/diag/#pci-diags
http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/diag/vortex-diag.c
Don's mii-diag program may be used for inspecting and manipulating the
NIC's Media Independent Interface subsystem:
http://www.scyld.com/diag/#mii-diag
http://cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/diag/#mii-diag
3Com's documentation for many NICs, including the ones supported by
this driver is available at
http://support.3com.com/partners/developer/developer_form.html
A detailed changelog for the modifications which were made for 2.3
series kernel is available at
http://www.uow.edu.au/~andrewm/linux/#3c59x-2.3
Autonegotiation notes
---------------------
The driver uses a one-minute heartbeat for adapting to changes in
the external LAN environment. This means that when, for example, a
machine is unplugged from a hubbed 10baseT LAN plugged into a
switched 100baseT LAN, the throughput will be quite dreadful for up
to sixty seconds. Be patient.
Cisco interoperability note from Walter Wong <wcw+@CMU.EDU>:
On a side note, adding HAS_NWAY seems to share a problem with the
Cisco 6509 switch. Specifically, you need to change the spanning
tree parameter for the port the machine is plugged into to 'portfast'
mode. Otherwise, the negotiation fails. This has been an issue
we've noticed for a while but haven't had the time to track down.
Reporting and diagnosing problems
---------------------------------
If the driver plays up, there are a number of things you can do analyse
the problem and to help others do this:
- Turn on debugging in the driver
Add 'debug=7' to /etc/modules.conf (/etc/conf.modules)
Change 'vortex_debug' to 7 in the source code.
- Send all kernel logs, starting with the first probe of the card.
- Run 'mii-diag -v' to show the state of the Media Independent
Interface. If the card sometimes works and sometimes doesn't, run
'mii-diag -v' in both states.
- Please run 'vortex-diag -aaee' in both good and bad states. This
show the NIC's registers and EEPROM contents.
- Describe your setup: 10baseT, 100baseT, full/half duplex, etc.
- Note any additional module insertion commands you're using.
- Try different media type settings (see above).
- Try inserting the module with 'extra_reset=1' (or compile this into
the driver).
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