path: root/drivers/net/skeleton.c

/* skeleton.c: A network driver outline for linux. */
/*
	Written 1993-94 by Donald Becker.

	Copyright 1993 United States Government as represented by the
	Director, National Security Agency.

	This software may be used and distributed according to the terms
	of the GNU Public License, incorporated herein by reference.

	The author may be reached as becker@CESDIS.gsfc.nasa.gov, or C/O
	Center of Excellence in Space Data and Information Sciences
	   Code 930.5, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD 20771

	This file is an outline for writing a network device driver for the
	the Linux operating system.

	To write (or understand) a driver, have a look at the "loopback.c" file to
	get a feel of what is going on, and then use the code below as a skeleton
	for the new driver.

*/

static char *version =
	"skeleton.c:v1.51 9/24/94 Donald Becker (becker@cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov)\n";

/* Always include 'config.h' first in case the user wants to turn on
   or override something. */
#include <linux/config.h>

/*
  Sources:
	List your sources of programming information to document that
	the driver is your own creation, and give due credit to others
	that contributed to the work.  Remember that GNU project code
	cannot use proprietary or trade secret information.	 Interface
	definitions are generally considered non-copyrightable to the
	extent that the same names and structures must be used to be
	compatible.

	Finally, keep in mind that the Linux kernel is has an API, not
	ABI.  Proprietary object-code-only distributions are not permitted
	under the GPL.
*/

#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
#include <linux/malloc.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/bitops.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/dma.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>

#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
#include <linux/skbuff.h>
extern struct device *init_etherdev(struct device *dev, int sizeof_private,
									unsigned long *mem_startp);

/* First, a few definitions that the brave might change. */
/* A zero-terminated list of I/O addresses to be probed. */
static unsigned int netcard_portlist[] =
   { 0x200, 0x240, 0x280, 0x2C0, 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0};

/* use 0 for production, 1 for verification, >2 for debug */
#ifndef NET_DEBUG
#define NET_DEBUG 2
#endif
static unsigned int net_debug = NET_DEBUG;

/* The number of low I/O ports used by the ethercard. */
#define NETCARD_IO_EXTENT	32

/* Information that need to be kept for each board. */
struct net_local {
	struct enet_statistics stats;
	long open_time;				/* Useless example local info. */
};

/* The station (ethernet) address prefix, used for IDing the board. */
#define SA_ADDR0 0x00
#define SA_ADDR1 0x42
#define SA_ADDR2 0x65

/* Index to functions, as function prototypes. */

extern int netcard_probe(struct device *dev);

static int netcard_probe1(struct device *dev, int ioaddr);
static int net_open(struct device *dev);
static int	net_send_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, struct device *dev);
static void net_interrupt(int reg_ptr);
static void net_rx(struct device *dev);
static int net_close(struct device *dev);
static struct enet_statistics *net_get_stats(struct device *dev);
static void set_multicast_list(struct device *dev, int num_addrs, void *addrs);

/* Example routines you must write ;->. */
#define tx_done(dev) 1
extern void	hardware_send_packet(short ioaddr, char *buf, int length);
extern void chipset_init(struct device *dev, int startp);


/* Check for a network adaptor of this type, and return '0' iff one exists.
   If dev->base_addr == 0, probe all likely locations.
   If dev->base_addr == 1, always return failure.
   If dev->base_addr == 2, allocate space for the device and return success
   (detachable devices only).
   */
#ifdef HAVE_DEVLIST
/* Support for a alternate probe manager, which will eliminate the
   boilerplate below. */
struct netdev_entry netcard_drv =
{"netcard", netcard_probe1, NETCARD_IO_EXTENT, netcard_portlist};
#else
int
netcard_probe(struct device *dev)
{
	int i;
	int base_addr = dev ? dev->base_addr : 0;

	if (base_addr > 0x1ff)		/* Check a single specified location. */
		return netcard_probe1(dev, base_addr);
	else if (base_addr != 0)	/* Don't probe at all. */
		return ENXIO;

	for (i = 0; netcard_portlist[i]; i++) {
		int ioaddr = netcard_portlist[i];
		if (check_region(ioaddr, NETCARD_IO_EXTENT))
			continue;
		if (netcard_probe1(dev, ioaddr) == 0)
			return 0;
	}

	return ENODEV;
}
#endif

/* This is the real probe routine.  Linux has a history of friendly device
   probes on the ISA bus.  A good device probes avoids doing writes, and
   verifies that the correct device exists and functions.  */

static int netcard_probe1(struct device *dev, int ioaddr)
{
	static unsigned version_printed = 0;
	int i;

	/* For ethernet adaptors the first three octets of the station address contains
	   the manufacturer's unique code.  That might be a good probe method.
	   Ideally you would add additional checks.  */ 
	if (inb(ioaddr + 0) != SA_ADDR0
		||	 inb(ioaddr + 1) != SA_ADDR1
		||	 inb(ioaddr + 2) != SA_ADDR2) {
		return ENODEV;
	}

	/* Allocate a new 'dev' if needed. */
	if (dev == NULL)
		dev = init_etherdev(0, sizeof(struct net_local), 0);

	if (net_debug  &&  version_printed++ == 0)
		printk(version);

	printk("%s: %s found at %#3x, ", dev->name, "network card", ioaddr);

	/* Fill in the 'dev' fields. */
	dev->base_addr = ioaddr;

	/* Retrieve and print the ethernet address. */
	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
		printk(" %2.2x", dev->dev_addr[i] = inb(ioaddr + i));

#ifdef jumpered_interrupts
	/* If this board has jumpered interrupts, snarf the interrupt vector
	   now.	 There is no point in waiting since no other device can use
	   the interrupt, and this marks the irq as busy.
	   Jumpered interrupts are typically not reported by the boards, and
	   we must used autoIRQ to find them. */

	if (dev->irq == -1)
		;			/* Do nothing: a user-level program will set it. */
	else if (dev->irq < 2) {	/* "Auto-IRQ" */
		autoirq_setup(0);
		/* Trigger an interrupt here. */

		dev->irq = autoirq_report(0);
		if (net_debug >= 2)
			printk(" autoirq is %d", dev->irq);
  } else if (dev->irq == 2)
	  /* Fixup for users that don't know that IRQ 2 is really IRQ 9,
	 or don't know which one to set. */
	  dev->irq = 9;

	{	 int irqval = request_irq(dev->irq, &net_interrupt, 0, "skeleton");
		 if (irqval) {
			 printk ("%s: unable to get IRQ %d (irqval=%d).\n", dev->name,
					 dev->irq, irqval);
			 return EAGAIN;
		 }
	 }
#endif	/* jumpered interrupt */
#ifdef jumpered_dma
	/* If we use a jumpered DMA channel, that should be probed for and
	   allocated here as well.  See lance.c for an example. */
	if (dev->dma == 0) {
		if (request_dma(dev->dma, "netcard")) {
			printk("DMA %d allocation failed.\n", dev->dma);
			return EAGAIN;
		} else
			printk(", assigned DMA %d.\n", dev->dma);
	} else {
		short dma_status, new_dma_status;

		/* Read the DMA channel status registers. */
		dma_status = ((inb(DMA1_STAT_REG) >> 4) & 0x0f) |
			(inb(DMA2_STAT_REG) & 0xf0);
		/* Trigger a DMA request, perhaps pause a bit. */
		outw(0x1234, ioaddr + 8);
		/* Re-read the DMA status registers. */
		new_dma_status = ((inb(DMA1_STAT_REG) >> 4) & 0x0f) |
			(inb(DMA2_STAT_REG) & 0xf0);
		/* Eliminate the old and floating requests and DMA4, the cascade. */
		new_dma_status ^= dma_status;
		new_dma_status &= ~0x10;
		for (i = 7; i > 0; i--)
			if (test_bit(new_dma, &new_dma_status)) {
				dev->dma = i;
				break;
			}
		if (i <= 0) {
			printk("DMA probe failed.\n");
			return EAGAIN;
		} 
		if (request_dma(dev->dma, "netcard")) {
			printk("probed DMA %d allocation failed.\n", dev->dma);
			return EAGAIN;
		}
	}
#endif	/* jumpered DMA */

	/* Grab the region so we can find another board if autoIRQ fails. */
	snarf_region(ioaddr, NETCARD_IO_EXTENT);

	/* Initialize the device structure. */
	if (dev->priv == NULL)
		dev->priv = kmalloc(sizeof(struct net_local), GFP_KERNEL);
	memset(dev->priv, 0, sizeof(struct net_local));

	dev->open		= net_open;
	dev->stop		= net_close;
	dev->hard_start_xmit = net_send_packet;
	dev->get_stats	= net_get_stats;
	dev->set_multicast_list = &set_multicast_list;

	/* Fill in the fields of the device structure with ethernet values. */
	ether_setup(dev);

	return 0;
}


/* Open/initialize the board.  This is called (in the current kernel)
   sometime after booting when the 'ifconfig' program is run.

   This routine should set everything up anew at each open, even
   registers that "should" only need to be set once at boot, so that
   there is non-reboot way to recover if something goes wrong.
   */
static int
net_open(struct device *dev)
{
	struct net_local *lp = (struct net_local *)dev->priv;
	int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;

	/* This is used if the interrupt line can turned off (shared).
	   See 3c503.c for an example of selecting the IRQ at config-time. */
	if (request_irq(dev->irq, &net_interrupt, 0, "skeleton")) {
		return -EAGAIN;
	}

	/* Always snarf the DMA channel after the IRQ, and clean up on failure. */
	if (request_dma(dev->dma,"skeleton ethernet")) {
		free_irq(dev->irq);
		return -EAGAIN;
	}
	irq2dev_map[dev->irq] = dev;

	/* Reset the hardware here.  Don't forget to set the station address. */
	/*chipset_init(dev, 1);*/
	outb(0x00, ioaddr);
	lp->open_time = jiffies;

	dev->tbusy = 0;
	dev->interrupt = 0;
	dev->start = 1;
	return 0;
}

static int
net_send_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, struct device *dev)
{
	struct net_local *lp = (struct net_local *)dev->priv;
	int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;

	if (dev->tbusy) {
		/* If we get here, some higher level has decided we are broken.
		   There should really be a "kick me" function call instead. */
		int tickssofar = jiffies - dev->trans_start;
		if (tickssofar < 5)
			return 1;
		printk("%s: transmit timed out, %s?\n", dev->name,
			   tx_done(dev) ? "IRQ conflict" : "network cable problem");
		/* Try to restart the adaptor. */
		chipset_init(dev, 1);
		dev->tbusy=0;
		dev->trans_start = jiffies;
	}

	/* If some higher layer thinks we've missed an tx-done interrupt
	   we are passed NULL. Caution: dev_tint() handles the cli()/sti()
	   itself. */
	if (skb == NULL) {
		dev_tint(dev);
		return 0;
	}

	/* Block a timer-based transmit from overlapping.  This could better be
	   done with atomic_swap(1, dev->tbusy), but set_bit() works as well. */
	if (set_bit(0, (void*)&dev->tbusy) != 0)
		printk("%s: Transmitter access conflict.\n", dev->name);
	else {
		short length = ETH_ZLEN < skb->len ? skb->len : ETH_ZLEN;
		unsigned char *buf = skb->data;

		hardware_send_packet(ioaddr, buf, length);
		dev->trans_start = jiffies;
	}
	dev_kfree_skb (skb, FREE_WRITE);

	/* You might need to clean up and record Tx statistics here. */
	if (inw(ioaddr) == /*RU*/81)
		lp->stats.tx_aborted_errors++;

	return 0;
}

/* The typical workload of the driver:
   Handle the network interface interrupts. */
static void
net_interrupt(int reg_ptr)
{
	int irq = pt_regs2irq(reg_ptr);
	struct device *dev = (struct device *)(irq2dev_map[irq]);
	struct net_local *lp;
	int ioaddr, status, boguscount = 0;

	if (dev == NULL) {
		printk ("net_interrupt(): irq %d for unknown device.\n", irq);
		return;
	}
	dev->interrupt = 1;

	ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
	lp = (struct net_local *)dev->priv;
	status = inw(ioaddr + 0);

	do {
		if (status /*& RX_INTR*/) {
			/* Got a packet(s). */
			net_rx(dev);
		}
		if (status /*& TX_INTR*/) {
			lp->stats.tx_packets++;
			dev->tbusy = 0;
			mark_bh(NET_BH);	/* Inform upper layers. */
		}
		if (status /*& COUNTERS_INTR*/) {
			/* Increment the appropriate 'localstats' field. */
			lp->stats.tx_window_errors++;
		}
	} while (++boguscount < 20) ;

	dev->interrupt = 0;
	return;
}

/* We have a good packet(s), get it/them out of the buffers. */
static void
net_rx(struct device *dev)
{
	struct net_local *lp = (struct net_local *)dev->priv;
	int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
	int boguscount = 10;

	do {
		int status = inw(ioaddr);
		int pkt_len = inw(ioaddr);
	  
		if (pkt_len == 0)		/* Read all the frames? */
			break;			/* Done for now */

		if (status & 0x40) {	/* There was an error. */
			lp->stats.rx_errors++;
			if (status & 0x20) lp->stats.rx_frame_errors++;
			if (status & 0x10) lp->stats.rx_over_errors++;
			if (status & 0x08) lp->stats.rx_crc_errors++;
			if (status & 0x04) lp->stats.rx_fifo_errors++;
		} else {
			/* Malloc up new buffer. */
			struct sk_buff *skb;

			skb = alloc_skb(pkt_len, GFP_ATOMIC);
			if (skb == NULL) {
				printk("%s: Memory squeeze, dropping packet.\n", dev->name);
				lp->stats.rx_dropped++;
				break;
			}
			skb->len = pkt_len;
			skb->dev = dev;

			/* 'skb->data' points to the start of sk_buff data area. */
			memcpy(skb->data, (void*)dev->rmem_start,
				   pkt_len);
			/* or */
			insw(ioaddr, skb->data, (pkt_len + 1) >> 1);

			netif_rx(skb);
			lp->stats.rx_packets++;
		}
	} while (--boguscount);

	/* If any worth-while packets have been received, dev_rint()
	   has done a mark_bh(NET_BH) for us and will work on them
	   when we get to the bottom-half routine. */
	return;
}

/* The inverse routine to net_open(). */
static int
net_close(struct device *dev)
{
	struct net_local *lp = (struct net_local *)dev->priv;
	int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;

	lp->open_time = 0;

	dev->tbusy = 1;
	dev->start = 0;

	/* Flush the Tx and disable Rx here. */

	disable_dma(dev->dma);

	/* If not IRQ or DMA jumpered, free up the line. */
	outw(0x00, ioaddr+0);		/* Release the physical interrupt line. */

	free_irq(dev->irq);
	free_dma(dev->dma);

	irq2dev_map[dev->irq] = 0;

	/* Update the statistics here. */

	return 0;

}

/* Get the current statistics.	This may be called with the card open or
   closed. */
static struct enet_statistics *
net_get_stats(struct device *dev)
{
	struct net_local *lp = (struct net_local *)dev->priv;
	short ioaddr = dev->base_addr;

	cli();
	/* Update the statistics from the device registers. */
	lp->stats.rx_missed_errors = inw(ioaddr+1);
	sti();

	return &lp->stats;
}

/* Set or clear the multicast filter for this adaptor.
   num_addrs == -1	Promiscuous mode, receive all packets
   num_addrs == 0	Normal mode, clear multicast list
   num_addrs > 0	Multicast mode, receive normal and MC packets, and do
			best-effort filtering.
 */
static void
set_multicast_list(struct device *dev, int num_addrs, void *addrs)
{
	short ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
	if (num_addrs) {
		outw(69, ioaddr);		/* Enable promiscuous mode */
	} else
		outw(99, ioaddr);		/* Disable promiscuous mode, use normal mode */
}

/*
 * Local variables:
 *  compile-command: "gcc -D__KERNEL__ -I/usr/src/linux/net/inet -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O6 -m486 -c skeleton.c"
 *  version-control: t
 *  kept-new-versions: 5
 *  tab-width: 4
 * End:
 */